Functional properties of the selected RNA enzyme. (a) Real-time assay of RNA ligation, employing either d-RNA (black circles) or l-RNA (white circles). Values for kobs were obtained as in Figure 2b, with the yield based on relative fluorescent units (RFUs); (b) Ligand-dependent activity of an RNA enzyme that contains a theophylline-binding aptamer domain, measured in either the presence (black circles) or absence (white circles) of theophylline; (c) Real-time monitoring of exponential amplification. The data were fit to the logistic growth equation: RFU = a/(1 + be−ct), where a is the maximum extent, b is the degree of sigmoidicity, and c is the exponential growth rate.