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. 2016 Jun 30;7(6):e2279. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2016.182

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Copyright © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited

Cell Death and Disease is an open-access journal published by Nature Publishing Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Increased mTORC1 activity by loss of Pten is more beneficial for sustained cone survival. Data shown are from rd1-Pten^c/c mice, unless indicated otherwise. (a) Immunofluorescence analysis on retinal flat mounts for indicated proteins (red signal) at 2 months of age (green: PNA; scale bar: 20μm). (b) Immunofluorescence analysis on retinal flat mounts for mTOR (red signal) and LAMP2 (green signal) in Cre⁺ mice at 2 months of age. Upper panel shows only mTOR and lower panel shows colocalization with LAMP2 (scale bar: 20μm). Bar graphs represent percentage of mTOR punctae that colocalize with LAMP2 per cone. Data from rd1-Tsc1^c/cMCre⁺ mice (representative images in Figure 4a) is provided for comparison. The data represent values obtained from at least 60 cones across two animals per genotype (****P<0.0001 by Student's t-test). (c) Immunofluorescence analysis on retinal flat mounts for LAMP1 (red signal) in Cre⁻ and Cre⁺ mice at 2 months of age. Cones were identified by cone arrestin staining (green signal; scale bar: 20μm). Bar graphs showing the number of LAMP1 punctae per cone. Data represent values obtained from at least 60 cones across two animals per genotype (****P<0.0001 by Student's t-test). (d) Representative retinal flat mounts of rd1-Pten^c/c mice at 12 months of age showing improved cone survival in Cre⁺ mice (red: cone arrestin; scale bar: 1 mm). (e) Quantification of cone survival at 12 months of age comparing data obtained from rd1-Pten^c/cCre⁺ mice with previously published data from rd1-Tsc1^c/cCre⁺ mice³ (*P<0.05 by Student's t-test). (f) Linear regression of cone survival over time in rd1-Tsc1^c/cCre⁺ and rd1-Pten^c/cCre⁺ mice. **P<0.01; ***P<0.005