Table 4.
Adjusteda prevalence and adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) of poor overall health and chronic health conditions by chronic obstructive airway disease category and gender: South Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2012
| Chronic obstructive airway disease | Men
|
Women
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | |
| Self-reported fair/poor health | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 15.9 (14.3–17.6) | 1.0 (referent) | 16.1 (14.8–17.5) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 11.6 (7.4–17.8) | 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | 23.3 (14.9–34.5) | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) |
| Current asthma only | 13.6 (8.8–20.3) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 31.5 (26.2–37.4) | 2.0 (1.6–2.4) |
| COPD only | 34.5 (26.9–43.0) | 2.2 (1.7–2.8) | 38.8 (31.5–46.8) | 2.4 (2.0–3.0) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 52.7 (41.6–63.7) | 3.3 (2.6–4.2) | 48.4 (40.6–56.2) | 3.0 (2.5–3.6) |
| Frequent mental distressb | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 9.6 (8.3–11.0) | 1.0 (referent) | 12.9 (11.6–14.4) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 10.7 (5.9–18.5) | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) | 19.3 (11.9–29.8) | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) |
| Current asthma only | 13.4 (7.5–22.9) | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) | 18.7 (14.0–24.5) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) |
| COPD only | 22.2 (15.4–30.9) | 2.3 (1.6–3.4) | 34.1 (26.5–42.6) | 2.6 (2.0–3.4) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 27.5 (17.7–40.2) | 2.9 (1.9–4.5) | 28.6 (21.8–36.4) | 2.2 (1.7–2.9) |
| Frequent physical distressc | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 9.9 (8.7–11.4) | 1.0 (referent) | 11.1 (9.9–12.3) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 13.4 (7.8–22.1) | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 13.4 (7.0–24.2)* | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) |
| Current asthma only | 10.4 (6.0–17.2) | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 23.6 (18.3–29.8) | 2.1 (1.6–2.8) |
| COPD only | 24.6 (18.7–31.7) | 2.5 (1.8–3.3) | 34.5 (26.8–43.1) | 3.1 (2.4–4.0) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 46.5 (35.1–58.3) | 4.7 (3.5–6.2) | 34.9 (27.9–42.5) | 3.2 (2.5–4.0) |
| Coronary heart disease | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 5.0 (4.2–5.9) | 1.0 (referent) | 3.4 (2.8–4.1) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 5.2 (2.5–10.7)* | 1.0 (0.5–2.2) | 3.3 (1.7–6.6)* | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) |
| Current asthma only | 2.3 (1.0–5.2)* | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 6.2 (3.6–10.6) | 1.8 (1.04–3.3) |
| COPD only | 14.2 (10.1–19.6) | 2.8 (2.0–4.1) | 9.8 (6.4–14.7) | 2.9 (1.8–4.5) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 16.6 (10.8–24.8) | 3.3 (2.1–5.3) | 11.1 (8.0–15.3) | 3.3 (2.3–4.7) |
| Diabetes | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 10.9 (9.7–12.3) | 1.0 (referent) | 10.7 (9.6–11.8) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 16.4 (11.1–23.7) | 1.5 (1.01–2.2) | 15.7 (10.1–23.5) | 1.5 (1.0–2.3) |
| Current asthma only | 7.3 (4.3–12.1) | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | 16.7 (12.6–21.7) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) |
| COPD only | 13.4 (9.5–18.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 16.3 (12.0–21.8) | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 19.8 (13.2–28.6) | 1.8 (1.2–2.7) | 15.4 (11.4–20.4) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) |
| Arthritis | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 23.4 (21.7–25.1) | 1.0 (referent) | 30.0 (28.4–31.6) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 24.3 (18.1–31.8) | 1.0 (0.8–1.4) | 35.6 (25.9–46.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) |
| Current asthma only | 23.1 (17.1–30.5) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 45.2 (39.5–51.1) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) |
| COPD only | 40.2 (32.0–49.0) | 1.7 (1.4–2.2) | 50.1 (43.2–57.0) | 1.7 (1.4–1.9) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 44.8 (31.2–59.2) | 1.9 (1.4–2.7) | 51.0 (43.4–58.5) | 1.7 (1.5–2.0) |
| Cancer (excluding skin) | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 5.1 (4.4–5.9) | 1.0 (referent) | 7.4 (6.6–8.3) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 4.7 (2.0–10.6)* | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | 13.2 (7.6–22.1) | 1.8 (1.03–3.1) |
| Current asthma only | 4.1 (2.1–7.8)* | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) | 8.1 (5.2–12.5) | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) |
| COPD only | 8.9 (6.1–13.0) | 1.7 (1.2–2.6) | 10.4 (7.3–14.4) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 3.7 (1.6–8.6)* | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | 18.2 (13.9–23.4) | 2.5 (1.8–3.3) |
| Depression | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 11.0 (9.7–12.3) | 1.0 (referent) | 19.9 (18.4–21.4) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 20.5 (12.5–31.7) | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) | 31.3 (22.9–41.3) | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) |
| Current asthma only | 14.8 (9.1–23.3) | 1.4 (0.8–2.2) | 28.3 (23.0–34.3) | 1.4 (1.2–1.8) |
| COPD only | 24.4 (17.8–32.5) | 2.2 (1.6–3.1) | 42.2 (34.6–50.3) | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 36.8 (24.8–50.7) | 3.4 (2.3–4.9) | 41.3 (33.6–49.3) | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) |
| Stroke | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 3.4 (2.7–4.1) | 1.0 (referent) | 3.1 (2.6–3.7) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 5.0 (2.2–11.0)* | 1.5 (0.6–3.5) | 3.0 (1.5–6.1)* | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) |
| Current asthma only | 4.0 (2.0–8.0)* | 1.2 (0.6–2.5) | 5.7 (3.5–9.3) | 1.9 (1.1–3.1) |
| COPD only | 4.7 (2.3–9.1)* | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) | 6.3 (4.2–9.5) | 2.1 (1.3–3.3) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 8.8 (4.6–16.5)* | 2.6 (1.3–5.2) | 7.8 (5.0–11.9) | 2.5 (1.6–4.1) |
| ≥1 non-respiratory chronic disease | ||||
| Neither asthma nor COPD | 38.5 (36.4–40.5) | 1.0 (referent) | 47.6 (45.7–49.5) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Former asthma only | 48.9 (39.0–58.8) | 1.3 (1.03–1.6) | 63.1 (52.2–72.8) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| Current asthma only | 40.9 (32.8–49.5) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 60.6 (54.5–66.5) | 1.3 (1.1–1.4) |
| COPD only | 55.7 (45.5–65.5) | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) | 78.9 (71.6–84.7) | 1.7 (1.5–1.8) |
| Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome | 74.0 (59.9–84.4) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) | 76.3 (66.3–84.0) | 1.6 (1.4–1.8) |
BMI - body mass index; CI - confidence interval; COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Adjusted prevalence and prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% CI for the likelihood of each condition associated with a given chronic obstructive airway disease category were obtained from separate multivariable logistic regression models that included age, race, education, BMI category, and smoking status as covariates. The referent for all PRs was the group of respondents with no obstructive airway impairment.
Frequent mental distress: a response of ≥14 days to the question, “Now thinking about your mental health, which includes stress, depression, and problems with emotions, for how many days during the past 30 days was your mental health not good.”
Frequent physical distress: a response of ≥14 days to the question, “Now thinking about your physical health, which includes physical illness and injury, for how many days during the past 30 days was your physical health not good.”
Estimates not reliable. Relative standard error ≥0.3.