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. 2016 Nov 10;11:5917–5930. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S113658

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© 2016 Li et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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PBNP-S for mucoadhesive drug delivery.

Notes: (A) Synthesis and protein therapeutics loading of PBNP-S. The presence of sulfate made PBNP-S negatively charged and more stable in aqueous circumstances. (B) Adherence of PBNP-S to mucin present in the mucus and on the surface of mucosa after intravaginal administration. (C) Mucoadhesion of PBNP-S based on the formation of reversible covalent complexes between the phenylboronic acid moiety on the PBNP-S and vicinal diols in the mucin molecules.

Abbreviations: PBNP-S, sulfonate-modified phenylboronic acid-rich nanoparticles; AAPH, 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate.