Table 2.

Determination of resistance to boscalid and detection of sdhB mutations using high resolution melting (HRM) analysis, PIRA–PCR, and conventional bioassays in B. cinerea samples obtained from infected strawberry fruit and stone fruit rootstock seedling plants showing damping-off symptoms.

mutant	Host
	Strawberry (n = 50b)			Stone fruit rootstock seedling plants (n = 134b)
	HRM	PIRA–PCRa	Conventional bioassaysc	HRM	PIRA–PCR	Conventional bioassays
Wild-type	20	ndd	20	34	nd	34
H272R	18	18	nde	77	77	nd
H272Y	11	11	nd	0	0	nd
N230I	1	1	nd	21	21	nd
P225H	0	0	nd	2	2f	nd

^aThe PIRA–PCR protocol developed by Veloukas et al. (2011) was used. ^bNumber of samples/isolates. ^cConventional bioassays were conducted on YBA medium using the discriminatory concentration of 2 μg ml^-1boscalid (Konstantinou et al., 2015). ^dnot determined (nd) since the PIRA–PCR detects only specific sdhB mutations. ^enot determined (nd) since conventional bioassays discriminates only isolates of wild-type sensitivity from isolates with resistance to boscalid. ^fP255H was identified by direct sequencing of the sdhB gene using the primer pair IpBcBeg and IpBcEnd2, designed by Leroux et al. (2010).