Figure 3. Effect of the csrA and csrB mutation on amylovoran production and amylovoran biosynthesis and regulatory gene expression.

(A) Amylovoran production of wild type, the grrA, csrA, csrB mutants and complementation strains. Bacterial strains were grown in MBMA media supplemented with 1% sorbitol for 24 h at 28 °C with shaking. Amylovoran concentrations was measured by CPC method and normalized to a cell density of 1. Data points represent the means of three replicates ± standard deviations. OD₆₀₀ = optical density at 600 nm. Each experiment was performed at least two times with similar results. Error bars indicate standard deviations. (B) Relative expression of amsG and rcsA genes in the grrA, csrB and csrA mutant strains compared to wild type in vitro by qRT-PCR. (C) Gene expression of amsG and rcsA genes in the grrA, csrB and csrA mutant strains as compared to wild type in vivo.