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. 2016 Nov 14;7:168. doi: 10.1186/s13287-016-0417-x

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Investigation of the difference of PDLSCS, JBMMSCS, and CSCS in vitro. a Osteogenic differentiation of the three types of cell sheets assessed by alizarin red staining and quantified by absorptiometry. b ALP activity of the three types of cell sheets assessed by ALP staining and quantified by absorptiometry. c The results of Western blot and quantitation show the expression of osteoblast- and ECM-related proteins in the three types of cell sheets. d The results of PCR show the expression of osteoblast- and ECM-related genes in the three types of cell sheets. PDLSCS periodontal ligament stem cell sheet, JBMMSCS jaw bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheet, CSCS composite stem cell sheet. The data are shown as mean ± SD. ^* P < 0.05, n = 3. The scale bar represents 50 μm