Table S1.
Influence of amino PVA-SPION on the concentration of secreted cytokines
| Cytokine (pg/mL) | Ctrl | LPS | PHA-L | G1 1 μg/mL | G1 10 μg/mL | G1 100 μg/mL | G4.1/30 mV 1 μg/mL | G4.1/30 mV 10 μg/mL | G4.1/30 mV 100 μg/mL | G4.1/25 mV 1 μg/mL | G4.1/25 mV 10 μg/mL | G4.1/25 mV 100 μg/mL | Ferumoxsil1 μg/mL | Ferumoxsil 10 μg/mL | Norm serum levela |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL1ra | 19.7 | 403.9 | 304.3 | 23.5 | 127.9 | 205.0 | 17.60 | 24.8 | 233.0 | 20.7 | 11.8 | 42.9 | 34.4 | 11.8 | 133 |
| IL1β | 15.2 | 1,349 | 406.3 | 15.2 | 190.8 | 888.2 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 193.0 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 15.2 | 3 |
| IL2 | nd | 1 | |||||||||||||
| IL4 | nd | 3 | |||||||||||||
| IL5 | nd | 4 | |||||||||||||
| IL6 | 12.5 | 3,172 | 3,172 | 12.3 | 3,125 | 3,172 | 88.2 | 88.3 | 3,172 | 19.5 | 43.89 | 67.3 | 60.2 | 12.5 | 5 |
| IL7 | 21 | ||||||||||||||
| IL8 | 50.6 | 3,099 | 3,109 | 96.5 | 3,109 | 3,124 | 244.0 | 511.5 | 3,109 | 78.4 | 132.8 | 229.9 | 138.5 | 52.4 | 4 |
| IL9 | 13.1 | 99.3 | 110.8 | 13.2 | 87.1 | 106.4 | 13.2 | 21.3 | 96.4 | 21.3 | 13.2 | 31 | 20 | 13.1 | 12 |
| IL10 | 11.9 | 365.9 | 259.7 | 11.9 | 24.3 | 94.2 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 226.1 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 4 |
| IL12 | 17.5 | 18.1 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.8 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.8 | 17.5 | 17.6 | 17.6 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 16 |
| IL13 | nd | 4 | |||||||||||||
| IL15 | nd | 1 | |||||||||||||
| IL17 | 11 | 72 | 76.6 | 11 | 49.9 | 66.1 | 11.1 | 21.7 | 54.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11 | 21 |
| Eotaxin | 106.8 | 174.6 | 126.3 | 86.1 | 116.1 | 145.5 | 80.3 | 83.7 | 119.5 | 91.4 | 90.4 | 80.6 | 103.7 | 86.2 | 31 |
| FGF basic | 5.3 | 13 | 12.9 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 15.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 7 |
| G-CSF | 29.5 | 537.4 | 426 | 41 | 201.0 | 598.2 | 28.3 | 29.9 | 399.8 | 14.4 | 17.9 | 28.3 | 36.6 | 14.4 | 52 |
| GM-CSF | 6.8 | 14.4 | 10.4 | 6.8 | 10.4 | 14 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 10.4 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6 |
| IFN-γ | 65.1 | 295.6 | 257.6 | 62.9 | 192.8 | 259.7 | 75 | 86.1 | 195.2 | 37 | 72.1 | 71.8 | 78.5 | 66.7 | 77 |
| MCP1 | 64.6 | 1,244 | 1,832 | 210 | 1,868 | 2,194 | 630 | 1,207 | 1,949 | 141.1 | 346.2 | 1,010 | 90.5 | 111.1 | 16 |
| MIP1a | 7.9 | 1,089 | 973.2 | 7.9 | 610.2 | 797.8 | 7.9 | 24.3 | 1,019 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 20.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7 |
| MIP1b | 50.9 | 1,166 | 1,155 | 90.9 | 1,132 | 919.8 | 160.9 | 354.5 | 1,500 | 93.2 | 173.2 | 456.5 | 96.8 | 92.3 | 35 |
| IP10 | 597.3 | 4,536 | 4,931 | 527.1 | 556.1 | 612.6 | 636.8 | 715.0 | 755.8 | 609.7 | 577.8 | 471.3 | 544.6 | 563.8 | 592 |
| PDGF | 255.7 | 504.2 | 618.9 | 280.6 | 419.8 | 626.1 | 283.7 | 182.1 | 119.7 | 246.7 | 181.7 | 107.3 | 280.5 | 186.2 | 1,571 |
| RANTES | 539.3 | 634.4 | 669.7 | 513.8 | 580.4 | 498.2 | 480.3 | 575.2 | 724.3 | 540.7 | 585.5 | 636.1 | 570.6 | 596.5 | 204b |
| TNFα | 40.1 | 2,129 | 1,888 | 61.3 | 811.8 | 1,650 | 70.8 | 68.7 | 1,606 | 40.2 | 40.1 | 62.7 | 62.7 | 40.2 | 35 |
| VEGF | 15.5 | 36.2 | 25.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 11 |
Notes: Supernatants were collected from whole blood cell survival assays (blood samples obtained from four healthy donors) after 20 hours with or without SPION treatment and analyzed by multiplex suspension array. Median values are shown for controls (LPS, PHA-L) and the different concentrations of SPION (1–100 µg/mL).
In the right hand column, published normal (norm) serum levels, adapted with permission from John Wiley and Sons, Kokkonen H, Soderstrom I, Rocklov J, Hallmans G, Lejon K, Rantapaa Dahlqvist S, Up-regulation of cytokines and chemokines predates the onset of rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, Copyright © 2010 by the American College of Rheumatology,1 or
levels determined using Bio-Plex Pro™ Cytokine Assays, data from Chapman et al.2
Abbreviations: PVA, polyvinyl alcohol; SPION, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; ctrl, control; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; norm serum level, normal serum level; nd, not detectable.