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Possible mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in stroke treatment.
Note: BMSC: Bone marrow stem cell; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; PKC-α: phospho-protein kinase C-alpha; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; MMP: matrix metalloproteinases; HIF-1α: hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2; BBB: blood-brain barrier; SAH: subarachnoid hemorrhage.
