Schematic summary of hepaciviral NS3/4A protease interference with mammalian MAVS function. The phylogenetic trees highlight the relatedness among nucleotide sequences encoding the analyzed proteins. Green box, interference; red box, no interference; *, cognate species; S, surrogate species; white box, untested. Interference was scored when both cleavage of MAVS was detectable and IFN promoter activity was significantly reduced under the chosen experimental conditions.