FIG 5.

Spironolactone inhibits HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection of Jurkat T cells. (A) HIV-1 NL4.3 infection of Jurkat T cells treated or not with SP. The number of infected cells was measured by Gag labeling followed by flow cytometry analysis. P = 0.005. (B) HIV-1 NL4.3 infection of Jurkat T cells treated or not with EPL. P = 0.0027. (C) Jurkat T cell infection with HIV-1 NL4.3 at an MOI of 0.05. SP was added to the culture medium at the concentrations indicated. The number of infected cells was measured by Gag labeling followed by flow cytometry analysis, and the IC₅₀ was determined. (D) HIV-2 GL-AN infection of Jurkat T cells treated or not with SP. P = 0.005. (E) Kinetics of HIV-1 infection in the presence or absence of SP for 12 days. Jurkat T cells were infected with HIV-1 NL4.3 and cultured with DMSO or SP; the medium was changed every 3 days. For some cells at 3 dpi, SP was replaced by RPMI medium without further addition of the drug. For some cells at 6 dpi, DMSO was replaced by SP. The results are the means of four independent experiments performed in duplicate (A and D) and of two independent experiments performed in triplicate (B, C, and E). (A, B, and C) The values were normalized, taking as 100% the value obtained for one replicate of control cells treated with DMSO. Unless otherwise indicated, SP or EPL was added to the culture medium at a concentration of 10 μM for 48 h. The error bars represent SEM. **, P < 0.01.