(A) As normal CD34+CD38−ALDHhigh HSCs (blue) differentiate into more committed progenitors, both CD34 and ALDH expression decreases. LSCs (red) are phenotypically heterogeneous with (B) the most favorable AMLs arising from more differentiated progenitors (CD34−), (C) intermediate-risk AMLs from less differentiated CD34+CD38−ALDHint, and (D) the least favorable AMLs from primitive HSCs (CD34+CD38−ALDHhigh). At remission, MRD is enriched for the most immature phenotype present in the leukemia (i.e., LSCs).