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. 2016 Dec;23(12):669–678. doi: 10.1101/lm.043513.116

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© 2016 Hosono et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

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Figure 5. — Memory retention after one-trial conditioning. (A) Cockroaches in 10 groups were subjected to one-trial conditioning and then subjected to a retention test at different times after the trial. Percentage of MERs in each retention test was compared with that at the first trial (i.e., prior to the first CS-US pairing) (Cochran's Q test: 20 sec, n = 24, P = 0.00018, χ² = 14.0; 30 sec, n = 35, P = 3.73 × 10⁻⁵, χ² = 17.0; 2 min, n = 26, P = 0.00058, χ² = 12.0; 5 min, n = 49, P = 0.00018, χ² = 14.0; 7 min, n = 54, P = 0.058, χ² = 3.6; 10 min, n = 38, P = 0.16, χ² = 2.0; 15 min, n = 25, P = 0.014, χ² = 6.0; 30 min, n = 31, P = 0.00017, χ² = 15.0; 1 h, n = 25, P = 0.16, χ² = 2.0; 1 d, n = 26, P = 0.025, χ² = 5.0). The percentage of MERs in the 10-min group was compared with those in other groups (LR test: P = 6.43 × 10⁻⁷, deviance = 51.19, df = 9; Fisher's exact test: 20 sec vs. 10 min: P = 5.23 × 10⁻⁶, odds ratio = 23.54, 30 sec vs. 10 min: P = 2.87 × 10⁻⁵, odds ratio = 16.32; 2-min vs. 10 min: P = 0.00015, odds ratio = 14.69; 5 min vs. 10 min: P = 0.017, odds ratio = 6.23; 7-min vs. 10 min: P = 0.18, odds ratio = 3.09; 15 min vs. 10 min: P = 0.049, odds ratio = 5.52; 30 min vs. 10 min: P = 5.71 × 10⁻⁵, odds ratio = 15.23; 1 h vs. 10 min: P = 1, odds ratio = 1.55; 1 d vs. 10 min: P = 0.11, odds ratio = 4.18). (B) Retention performance. First two bars: Cockroaches in two groups were subjected to one-trial conditioning and then presented with the CS or a novel odor at 30 sec after the training trial. Percentage of MERs to the CS did not significantly differ from that to a novel odor (novel) (Fisher's exact test: P = 0.61, odds ratio = 1.34; CS, n = 35, novel odor, n = 25). Next six bars: Cockroaches in three groups were subjected to one-trial conditioning and then a retention test at 30 min, 1 h or 1 d after conditioning. Percentage of MERs to the CS was statistically compared with that to a novel odor in each group (McNemar's test: 30 min, n = 31, P = 0.034, χ² = 4.27; 1 h, n = 25, P = 0.13, χ² = 2.25; 1 d, n = 26, P = 0.45, χ² = 0.57). (*) P < 0.05, NS: P > 0.05.