Table 3.
Characteristics and treatment outcomes of persons notified to Montreal public health between January 1996 -- May 2007, stratified by years since arrival to Canada
| Characteristics of Active TB Patientsa | Foreign-born, years since arrival to Canada | Canadian-born | p-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–2 (N = 485) | 3–14 (N = 541) | 15+ (N = 338) | (N = 317) | ||||||
| n | % | N | % | N | % | n | % | ||
| Sex, male | 281 | (57.9) | 275 | (50.8) | 172 | (51.0) | 172 | (54.2) | 0.22 |
| Age group, in years | <0.01 | ||||||||
| 0–19 | 51 | (10.5) | 35 | (6.5) | 1 | (0.3) | 50 | (15.8) | |
| 20–34 | 257 | (53.0) | 233 | (43.0) | 40 | (11.8) | 37 | (11.7) | |
| 35–64 | 147 | (30.3) | 222 | (41.0) | 169 | (50.0) | 105 | (33.1) | |
| 65+ | 29 | (6.0) | 50 | (9.2) | 128 | (37.9) | 122 | (38.5) | |
| Had provincial health insurance # | 213 | (43.9) | 499 | (92.2) | 328 | (97.0) | 308 | (97.2) | |
| Homeless | 1 | (0.2) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (0.3) | 7 | (2.2) | <0.01 |
| Ever smoker | 122 | 25.2 | 99 | 18.3 | 98 | 29.0 | 159 | 50.2 | <0.01 |
| Ever substance abuse | 27 | (5.6) | 56 | (10.4) | 51 | (15.1) | 98 | (30.9) | <0.01 |
| HIV | 35 | (7.2) | 51 | (9.4) | 21 | (6.2) | 28 | (8.8) | 0.38 |
| Number of co-morbiditiesb | <0.01 | ||||||||
| 2 or more | 53 | (10.9) | 78 | (14.4) | 104 | (30.8) | 130 | (41.0) | |
| 1 | 93 | (19.2) | 116 | (21.4) | 102 | (30.2) | 92 | (29.0) | |
| TB diagnosis | <0.01 | ||||||||
| Pulmonary, Smear+ | 126 | (26.0) | 188 | (34.8) | 123 | (36.4) | 144 | (45.4) | |
| Pulmonary, other | 257 | (53.0) | 124 | (22.9) | 77 | (22.8) | 108 | (34.0) | |
| Extra-pulmonary | 88 | (18.1) | 219 | (40.5) | 131 | (38.8) | 55 | (17.4) | |
| Any pulmonary symptomsc | 435 | (89.7) | 403 | (74.5) | 273 | (80.8) | 291 | (91.8) | <0.01 |
| Any systemic symptomsd | 201 | (41.4) | 321 | (59.3) | 212 | (62.7) | 203 | (64.0) | <0.01 |
| Multi- or poly-drug resistant | 13 | (2.7) | 12 | (2.2) | 2 | (0.6) | 4 | (1.3) | 0.20 |
| Treatment outcome | <0.01 | ||||||||
| Cured | 421 | (86.8) | 465 | (86.0) | 263 | (77.8) | 246 | (77.6) | |
| Died | 3 | (0.6) | 16 | (3.0) | 41 | (12.1) | 45 | (14.2) | |
| Defaulted/failed | 7 | (1.5) | 10 | (1.8) | 4 | (1.2) | 9 | (2.8) | |
| Moved | 34 | (7.0) | 20 | (3.7) | 5 | (1.5) | 3 | (1.0) | |
aNote: table subset to people with known birth country and timing of arrival to Canada (N = 1681). Missing data: sex (n = 18), age (n = 5), TB diagnosis (n = 41), treatment outcome (n = 89)
bCo-morbidities include renal disease, liver disease, diabetes, cancer, substance abuse, HIV infection, or other (as reported in public health or hospital records)
cPulmonary TB-related symptoms include cough, hemoptysis, and/or abnormal chest x-ray
dSystemic TB-related symptoms include weight loss, fever, fatigue, and/or night sweats