Table 3.
Comparison between poor and good sleepers in RA patients
| Variables | PSQI < 5 (n = 28) | PSQI ≥ 5 (n = 103) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 22 (78.6) | 90 (87.4) | 0.240 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.88 ± 3.40 | 22.39 ± 3.01 | 0.347 |
| Age (years) | 54.79 ± 12.08 | 54.38 ± 11.45 | 0.872 |
| Disease duration (years) | 8.21 ± 8.99 | 8.83 ± 9.15 | 0.749 |
| Monthly income (yuan) | 0.141 | ||
| <1000 | 12 (426.9) | 55 (53.4) | |
| 1000-3000 | 9 (32.1) | 38 (36.9) | |
| 3000-5000 | 6 (21.4) | 7 (6.8) | |
| >5000 | 1 (3.6) | 3 (2.9) | |
| Marital status | 0.273 | ||
| Single | 1 (3.6) | 5 (4.9) | |
| Married | 25 (89.3) | 94 (91.3) | |
| Divorced | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Widowed | 1 (3.6) | 4 (3.9) | |
| Education | 0.240 | ||
| ≤9 years | 17 (60.7) | 76 (73.8) | |
| >9 years | 11 (39.3) | 27 (26.2) | |
| Occupation | 0.798 | ||
| Employed | 21 (75.0) | 81 (78.6) | |
| Unemployed | 7 (25.0) | 22 (21.4) | |
| Smoking use, yes | 4 (14.3) | 6 (5.8) | 0.220 |
| Alcohol use, yes | 4 (14.3) | 20 (19.4) | 0.783 |
| Family history | 2 (7.1) | 8 (7.8) | 1.000 |
| Medications use | |||
| NSAIDs | 17 (60.7) | 52 (50.5) | 0.396 |
| Synthetic DMARDs | 26 (92.9) | 103 (100.0) | 0.044 |
| Biologic DMARDs | 2 (7.1) | 9 (8.7) | 1.000 |
| Glucocorticoid | 11 (39.3) | 512 (49.5) | 0.396 |
| ESR (mm/h) | 19.14 ± 15.96 | 31.00 ± 29.39 | 0.006 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 12.36 ± 25.00 | 17.7668 ± 24.37 | 0.336 |
| RF positive | 19 (67.9) | 84 (80.6) | 0.198 |
| anti-CCP positive | 19 (67.9) | 72 (69.9) | 0.821 |
| DAS28 | 3.15 ± 1.39 | 4.17 ± 1.38 | 0.001 |
| HAQ-DI | 0.20 ± 0.38 | 0.52 ± 0.65 | 0.002 |
| Total pain (VAS) | 2.96 ± 1.86 | 4.69 ± 2.85 | 0.001 |
| Nocturnal pain (VAS) | 2.66 ± 2.54 | 4.30 ± 3.30 | 0.007 |
| HADS-A | 8.00 ± 2.46 | 9.42 ± 2.81 | 0.016 |
| HADS-D | 7.25 ± 1.76 | 9.03 ± 2.49 | 0.001 |
Data are means ± SD for continuous variables, or percentages for categorical variables
p values were obtained with the chi-square test for categorical variables and the two-tailed t test for continuous variables
BMI Body Mass Index, NSAID Nonsteroidal anti-Inflammatory Drugs, DMARD Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs, ESR Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, CRP C-reactive Protein, anti-CCP anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide, RF Rheumatoid Factor, DAS28 Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints, HAQ-DI Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, VAS Visual Analog Scale, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, SF-36 the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36, PCS Physical Components Summary, MCS Mental Components Summary, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index