Table 1.

Effect of anthocyanins in animal models

Model	Pharmacological effect	References
Rats	↓ SBP	[142–147]
	Vasodilation	[148–152]
	↓ Total cholesterol	[153, 156]
	↓ LDL	[154, 156, 158]
	↓ VLDL	[154]
	↑ HDL	[154, 155]
	↓ Total triglycerides	[153, 156–158]
	↑ PUFA	[153]
	↓ MDA	[154]
	↓ GSH	[155]
	↓ Lipid peroxidation	[155]
Mice	↓ Total cholesterol	[147, 162–165]
	↓ LDL	[163]
	↑ HDL	[163, 164]
	↓ Total triglycerides	[147, 164, 165]
	↓ Lipid peroxidation	[163]
	↓ Atherosclerotic lesions	[161, 166]
	↓ TNF-α	[166]
	↓ NF-κB	[166]
Rabbits	↓ Total cholesterol	[170]
	↓ LDL	[170]
	↑ LDL	[169, 172]
	↓ VLDL	[169]
	↑ HDL	[170, 171]
	↓ Total triglycerides	[172]
	↓ MDA	[168]
	↓ CRP	[170]
	↓ GSH	[170, 172]
	↑ ApoE	[170]
	↓ Atherosclerotic lesions	[172]

SBP systolic blood pressure, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids, LDL low-density lipoprotein, VLDL very low density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, MDA malondialdehyde, CRP C-reactive protein, GSH glutathione, ApoE apolipoprotein E, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α