Table 1.
General Characteristics of 1,818 Participants enrolled in the echocardiographic ancillary study of The Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos (ECHO-SOL).
| Variable | Mean±SD or unweighted N (weighted%) |
|---|---|
| Age, Mean | 56.36±0.37 |
| Age, Greater than 65 years | 214 (21.0) |
| Male | 631 (42.6) |
| Hypertension | 861 (50.0) |
| Renal disease§ | 106 (6.40) |
| Body Mass Index, mean | 30.11 ± 0.22 |
| Body Mass Index greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 | 822 (44.30) |
| Current Alcohol Use | 770 (43.50) |
| Current Tobacco Use | 304 (17.60) |
| Health Insurance | 1042 (60.10) |
| Education, Less than high school | 647 (34.80) |
| Income below 20,000 US Dollars | 900 (54.50) |
|
| |
| Hispanic Subgroup Distribution | |
|
| |
| Dominican | 326 (18.20) |
| Central American | 176 (6.40) |
| Cuban American | 356 (31.60) |
| Mexican American | 458 (20.40) |
| Puerto Rican | 348 (17.10) |
| South American | 150 (6.20) |
|
| |
| Echocardiographic Variables | |
|
| |
| Left Atrial Volume Index >29 ml/m2 | 319 (17.1) |
|
| |
| Left Atrial Volume Index >34 ml/m2 | 122 (6.9) |
| Early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E') < 8 cm/sec | 905 (52.50) |
| E/E' ratio > 10 | 747(41.0) |
| No LV Diastolic Dysfunction | 753 (46.50) |
| LV Diastolic Dysfunction, Grade 1 | 230 (16.10) |
| LV Diastolic Dysfunction, Grade 2 | 607 (35.50) |
| LV Diastolic Dysfunction, Grade 3 | 39 (1.90) |
| Ejection Fraction, % | 59.80 ± 0.20 |
| End Systolic Volume, ml | 33.80 ± 0.37 |
| End Diastolic Volume, ml | 83.50 ± 0.70 |
|
| |
| Comorbidities | |
|
| |
| Myocardial infarction defined by ECG | 39 (2.76) |
| Stroke or TIA | 59 (3.75) |
| Heart failure | 49 (3.65) |
| Cardiovascular Disease* | 791 (41.55) |
|
| |
| Chronic kidney disease | |
|
| |
| Mild | 958 (53.69) |
| Moderate | 99 (6.05) |
| Severe | 4 (0.16) |
| End-stage | 2 (0.24) |
| Estimated-Glomerular Filtration Rate (mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 90.0±0.66 |
Data are presented as mean ± SEM or N (%) using weighted row percentages; N’s presented are unweighted counts of total participants in the HCHS-SOL with respective characteristic. It is HCHS/SOL publication policy to present weighted percents but unweighted percents can be calculated based on unweighted Ns presented. The number of participants with missing data for select variables are summarized as follows: renal disease, n=5; BMI, n=1; alcohol use, n=1; cigarette use, n=2; health insurance, n=20; educational status, n=39; income, n=131; LAVI, n=37; (E') < 8 cm/sec, n=10; E/E' ratio > 10 , n=21; diastolic dysfunction, n=32;
Chronic kidney disease defined by eGFR <60 mL/min and NIDDK criteria.
Defined via Framingham CVD composite criteria.