Table 2.

Measures of cardiac structure and function according to diabetes or prediabetes status. Results presented as mean(SE) or odds ratio(95%CI) as appropriate. From echocardiographic ancillary study of The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (ECHO-SOL).

	Cardiac Structure					Systolic Function					Diastolic Function
	Nondiabetic n=545(30%)	Prediabetic n=743(42%)	Diabetic n=518(28%)	P-Value		Nondiabetic n=545(30%)	Prediabetic n=743(42%)	Diabetic n=518(28%)	P-Value		Nondiabetic n=545(30%)	Prediabetic n=743(42%)	Diabetic n=518(28%)	P-Value
	Left Ventricular Mass Index(2.7)					Ejection Fraction (MOD- biplane)%					E/e' Lateral Ratio
M1	38.15±0.51	41.73±0.541	44.75±0.72 1	<0.0001		60.10±0.28	60.20±0.25	58.87±0.361,2	0.003		7.99±0.12	9.06±0.23 1	9.77±0.21 1,2	<0.0001
M2	40.88±0.58	41.58±0.57	42.87±0.68	0.08		60.09±0.34	60.19±0.27	58.84±0.421,2	0.009		8.69±0.15	9.09±0.17 1	9.34±0.19 1	0.003
M3	39.41±0.69	40.00±0.64	41.36±0.90	0.21		60.56±0.40	60.66±0.31	59.17±0.501,2	0.02		8.46±0.16	8.89±0.181	9.16±0.281	0.02
	LV mass (grams/m2)					Fractional Shortening (%)					E/e' Septal Ratio
M1	78.11±0.87	82.67±1.24 1	87.72±1.38 1,2	<0.0001		30.03±0.44	29.94±0.24	29.64±0.39	0.74		10.52±0.18	11.50±0.20 1	13.02±0.23 1,2	<0.0001
M2	82.38±1.25	83.21±1.12	86.25±1.38	0.11		29.84±0.44	30.08±0.27	29.92±0.39	0.84		11.22±0.19	11.49±0.17	12.57±0.21 1,2	<0.0001
M3	80.19±0.57	80.51±0.53	82.86±0.911,2	0.003		30.01±0.55	30.20±0.36	29.97±0.56	0.91		10.85±0.21	11.17±0.19	12.11±0.29 1,2	0.003
	Left Ventricular Posterior Wall(diastole) Thickness (cm)					Lateral Peak S Vel cm/sec					Left Atrial Volume Index
M1	0.84±0.01	0.88±0.01 1	0.93±0.01 1,2	<0.0001		8.41±0.12	8.31±0.13	8.17±0.14	0.44		23.54±0.34	22.93±0.32	22.61±0.44	0.16
M2	0.86±0.01	0.87±0.01	0.91±0.01 1	0.03		8.49±0.14	8.49±0.15	8.39±0.15	0.81		24.86±0.39	23.88±0.34	23.27±0.44 1	0.02
M3	0.84±0.02	0.86±0.01	0.89±0.02	0.21		8.51±0.15	8.63±0.20	8.33±0.18	0.49		24.47±0.24	23.39±0.21 1	21.75±0.44 1,2	<0.0001
	Inter-ventricular Septum (diastole) Thickness (cm)					Stroke Volume (LVOT)ml					Lateral Peak e' Vel cm/sec
M1	1.01±0.01	1.09±0.01 1	1.14±0.01 1,2	<0.0001		69.51±1.13	71.48±0.94	69.56±1.06	0.26		10.34±0.18	9.01±0.18 1	8.35±0.16 1,2	<0.0001
M2	1.06±0.01	1.09±0.01	1.11±0.01 1	0.02		75.16±1.24	73.63±1.12	69.98±1.14 1,2	0.005		9.69±0.15	9.21±0.13 1	8.92±0.14 1	0.0004
M3	1.04±0.02	1.05±0.01	1.07±0.02	0.54		74.13±1.48	72.33±1.23	68.50±1.49 1,2	0.02		9.77±0.17	9.28±0.15 1	8.89±0.20 1	0.003
	Relative Wall Thickness					End Diastolic Volume(MOD-biplane) ml					Medial Peak e' Vel cm/sec
M1	0.38±0.004	0.40±0.01 1	0.42±0.01 1,2	<0.0001		84.11±1.46	84.23±0.96	81.92±1.40	0.40		7.73±0.11	6.89±0.10 1	6.12±0.11 1,2	<0.0001
M2	0.38±0.01	0.39±0.01	0.41±0.01 1	0.002		89.86±1.45	86.68±0.94	83.31±1.52 1	0.009		7.30±0.11	7.02±0.08	6.48±0.10 1,2	<0.0001
M3	0.37±0.01	0.38±0.01	0.40±0.01 1	0.08		88.91±1.66	84.68±1.21 1	81.15±1.82 1	0.01		7.44±0.14	7.15±0.09 1	6.61±0.12 1,2	<0.001
	LV Geometry (Odds Ratios for abnormal vs. normal)					End Systolic Volume(MOD-biplane) ml					Diastolic Dysfunction (Odds Ratios for grade I-III vs. normal)
M1	1.00	1.93 (1.4-2.7)	2.79 (2.0-3.9)	<0.0001		33.74±0.70	33.75±0.43	33.96±0.81	0.97		1.00	2.34 (1.7-3.3)	4.35 (3.1-6.2)	<0.0001
M2	1.00	1.49 (1.1-2.1)	1.81 (1.2-2.8)	0.01		36.15±0.72	34.82±0.45	34.64±0.94	0.17		1.00	1.36 (0.96-1.9)	1.90 (1.3-2.8)	0.006
M3	1.00	1.53 (1.0-2.4)	1.79 (1.0-3.1)	0.06		35.35±0.82	33.62±0.52	33.28±0.91	0.12		1.00	1.48 (1.0-2.2)	2.13 (1.3-3.5)	0.01

Model 1: crude

Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, site, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity level, body mass index, hypertension and chronic kidney disease

Model 3: sensitivity analyses excluding participants with cardiovascular disease and kidney disease adjusted for age, sex, site, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity level, body mass index and hypertension

¹: p<0.017 for comparison with diabetes-free

²: p<0.017 for comparison between diabetes and prediabetes