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. 2016 Jun 3;65(4):383–392. doi: 10.1538/expanim.16-0026

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©2016 Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License.

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Fig. 2. — Mean ± SE heart rate (beat/min) in Sprague Dawley rats (n=6/group; standard housing cage (SDC), multilevel housing cage (MLC)) when evaluated at selected time points (5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min) following the intraperitoneal administration of ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg). The cardiac frequency was evaluated with a small animal pulse oximeter by taping the probe on the right hind paw and ended when animals became sternal. Rats housed in MLC had a significant decrease in cardiac frequency at 15 and 30 min (*P<0.05).