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. 2016 Nov 9;4:e2669. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2669

Table 2. Poor readers’ self-concept scores.

Group Statistics Self-concept
Academic General Home Social
Reading N = 25 M 9.32 9.76 11.16 10.64
SD 2.27 2.57 3.00 3.05
Md 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00
Z −1.11 −0.39 2.82 1.68
p .14 .34 .002 .04
r .22 .08 .56 .34
Reading + Language N = 24 M 7.63 6.88 9.58 8.83
SD 3.56 2.38 3.22 3.45
Md 9.00 7.00 10.00 10.00
Z −2.69 −3.93 −0.13 −1.27
p .004 <.001 .44 .10
r .55 0.80 0.03 0.26
Reading + Attention N = 14 M 8.57 8.64 10.14 10.14
SD 2.71 3.43 2.77 2.63
Md 9.00 9.50 11.00 10.50
Z −1.75 −1.30 .40 −.18
p .04 .10 .34 .43
r .47 .35 .11 .05
Reading + Language + Attention N = 13 M 8.69 7.69 10.23 8.92
SD 2.32 2.98 2.01 2.10
Md 9.00 7.00 10.00 9.00
Z −1.83 −2.61 0.41 −1.62
p .04 .004 .34 .05
r .51 .72 .11 .45

Notes.

Means (M), Standard Deviations (SD), Medians (Md), Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Values (Z), P Values (p), and Effect Size Values (r) For Self-Concept Scores Produced By Our Sample Of Poor Readers (N = 77). r = 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 Represent Small, Medium, And Large Effects Respectively.