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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ther Drug Monit. 2016 Dec;38(6):791–795. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0000000000000329

Table 1.

Characteristics of study participants (n = 223)

Characteristics At initiation of an LPV-based regimen At the time of TASER-P study enrollment Children with virologic failure at any time after study entrya Children with LPV concentration <1.0 mg/L (either trough or random)
Number of patients 223 223 37 15
Age in years, median (IQR) 7.4 (5.2–10.14) 10.4 (7.9–13.4) 11.3 (7.9–14.5) 10.3 (4.2–13.9)
Male sex, n (%) 136 (61) 23 (62) 11 (73)
Country, n (%)
 Thailand 90 (40) 14 (38) 9 (60)
 Vietnam 112 (50) 20 (54) 5 (33)
 Indonesia 21 (9) 3 (8) 1 (7)
WHO clinical staging, n (%)b
 1–2 100 (45) 20 (54) 7 (47)
 3–4 99 (44) 15 (41) 7 (47)
CD4 lymphocyte count, cells/mm3 n (%) 190 (85) 194 (87) 34 (92) 14 (93)
 Median (IQR) 293 (146–596) 759 (569–1066) 583 (415–763) 482 (410–625)
CD4 lymphocyte percentage, n (%) 175 (79) 172 (77) 31 (84) 14 (93)
 Median (IQR) 13 (7– 20) 25 (19–31) 20 (12–24) 16 (12–20)
Log10 HIV RNA level, copies/mL, n (%) 169 (76) 223 (100) 37 (100) 15 (100)
 Median (IQR) 5.0 (4.3–5.6) 2.4 (1.6–2.5) 4.4 (3.7–4.9) 4.9 (4.7–5.3)
Duration on LPV, years
 Median (IQR) 2.5 (1.3–4.1) 2.9 (1.5–4.4) 1.6 (0.8–2.6)
 6–<24 months 48 (22) 6 (16) 6 (40)
 ≥24 months 175 (78) 31 (84) 9 (60)
LPV dose (mg/kg)
 Median (IQR) 19.4 (16.2–22.6) 21.1 (16.3–24.2) 17.1 (14.9–24.6)
 BW <20 kg 22.1 (18.9–24.6) 24.2 (21.3–26.7) 24.6 (21.3–26.7)
 BW 20–30 kg 19.5 (17.2–22.9) 22.2 (18.9–23.3) 18.9 (15.3–38.1)
 BW >30 kg 17.3 (13.8–20.8) 16.2 (14.2–20.7) 16.1 (14.7–17.1)
LPV concentration (mg/L)
 Median (IQR) 6.9 (4.0–9.7) 6.5 (0.1–12.5) 0.1 (0.1–0.1)
Body surface area (m2), n (%) 222 (99.6) 37 (100) 15 (100)
 Median (IQR) 1 (0.8–1.22) 1 (0.8–1.2) 0.9 (0.6–1.3)
Adherence assessment, n (%)
 Pill count ≥95% 192 (86) 29 (83) 11 (79)
 VAS report ≥95% 200 (90) 30 (86) 10 (77)
a

For this study virologic failure (VF) was defined as having HIV RNA >1,000 copies/mL

b

Some unknown or missing data.

WHO World Health Organization; IQR Interquartile range; BW body weight; mg milligrams; kg kilograms; VL viral load; lopinavir; VAS Visual analogue scale.