Table 1. Etiologies of the skull base defects (n = 78).
| Tumors | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Benign lesions | 30 (38.4) |
| Olfactory groove meningioma | 25 (32.0) |
| Orbital meningioma | 1 (1.28) |
| Right optic gliomaa | 1 (1.28) |
| Left frontobasal cavernomaa | 1 (1.28) |
| Frontobasal hydatid cysta | 1 (1.28) |
| AVMa | 1 (1.28) |
| Malignant lesions | 6 (7.69) |
| Basal cell carcinoma | 1 (1.28) |
| Small round cell sarcoma metastasis | 1 (1.28) |
| Nasopharyngeal Cancer | 1 (1.28) |
| Non–Hodgkin lymphoma (right)a | 1 (1.28) |
| Leiomyosarcoma | 1 (1.28) |
| Invasive pituitary adenoma | 1 (1.28) |
| Traumatic defects | 32 (41.02) |
| Gunshot injuries | 8 (10.25) |
| Congenital deformities | 1 (1.28) |
| Nasoethmoidal encephalocele | 1 |
| Infectious reasons | 1 (1.28) |
| Ethmoid sinusitis | 1 |
Abbreviation: AVM, Arterio-venous malformation.
a
Skull base and dura mater defects made unintentionally by a surgeon during surgery of these lesions by using of transbasal approach.