Table 4.
Associations with musculoskeletal pain in past year and month.
| Psychosocial factors (scales) | MSP in the past year | MSP in the past month |
|---|---|---|
| OR∗ (95% CI) | OR∗ (95% CI) | |
| Work demands | ||
| Quantitative demands (workload) | 1.13 (1.02–1.25) | 1.09 (1.00–1.20) |
| Work pace | 1.14 (0.99–1.31) | 1.17 (1.04–1.32) |
| Cognitive demands | 1.12 (1.01–1.25) | 1.08 (0.99–1.19) |
| Emotional demands | 1.10 (1.00–1.24) | 1.17 (1.08–1.28) |
| Expectations of hiding emotions | 1.06 (0.95–1.20) | 1.06 (0.95–1.17) |
| Work organisation and job contents | ||
| Influence on work organisation | 0.88 (0.81–0.96) | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) |
| Possibilities for development | 1.01 (0.91–1.12) | 1.01 (0.92–1.11) |
| Meaning of the work | 1.02 (0.89–1.17) | 1.01 (0.90–1.15) |
| Commitment to the work | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 0.98 (0.91–1.06) |
| Interpersonal relationships and leadership | ||
| Access to the information | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | 0.89 (0.77–1.03) |
| Rewards (recognition) | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 0.92 (0.84–1.01) |
| Role clarity | 0.99 (0.85–1.15) | 0.96 (0.85–1.10) |
| Role conflicts | 1.09 (1.00–1.19) | 1.09 (1.01–1.17) |
| Quality of leadership | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) |
| Social support from colleagues | 0.85 (0.76–0.95) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) |
| Social support from supervisor | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) |
| Social relationships at work | 0.89 (0.78–1.02) | 0.90 (0.81–1.01) |
| Work-individual interface | ||
| Job insecurity | 1.01 (0.92–1.11) | 0.97 (0.89–1.05) |
| Job dissatisfaction | 1.19 (1.02–1.39) | 1.16 (1.01–1.33) |
| Work-family conflict | 1.14 (1.03–1.25) | 1.17 (1.07–1.27) |
| Values in the workplace | ||
| Lack of trust between employees | 1.20 (1.05–1.38) | 1.09 (0.98–1.22) |
| Lack of trust regarding the management | 1.16 (1.05–1.28) | 1.08 (0.99–1.18) |
| Lack of justice and respect | 1.18 (1.08–1.30) | 1.11 (1.03–1.19) |
| Low social inclusiveness | 1.02 (0.92–1.12) | 1.07 (0.98–1.16) |
| Mental health problems | ||
| Stress | 1.35 (1.20–1.53) | 1.34 (1.20–1.49) |
| Somatic stress symptoms | 1.71 (1.44–2.02) | 1.51 (1.32–1.73) |
| Cognitive stress symptoms | 1.19 (1.06–1.34) | 1.14 (1.03–1.25) |
| Depression symptoms | 1.19 (1.06–1.33) | 1.23 (1.11–1.37) |
| Sleeping troubles | 1.21 (1.09–1.34) | 1.16 (1.06–1.27) |
| Burnout | 1.23 (1.10–1.39) | 1.32 (1.18–1.48) |
∗Adjusted for age and self-rated health.