Table 3.

MiRC for GbC: surgical technique details.

Author, year of publication	Study period	Patients number	Attempted MiRC	Conversion to open RC, rate	Completion/ elective	Liver resection	LIOUS	Liver transection technique	Type of liver resection	LB thickness	Nodal excision	Port site excision	Nodal excision first	Pringle	CBD resection (patients number)
Cho et al., 2008 [16]	NS	3	3	0	0/3	Yes	Yes	Harmonic scalpel, clips	LB	2 cm	Yes	—	Yes	No	No
de Aretxabala et al., 2010∗ [17]	2005–2009	18	18	13/18	18/0	Yes	No	Harmonic scalpel, clips, vascular stapler	LB	NS	Yes	No	Yes	Only if needed	No
Gumbs and Hoffman, 2010 [18]	NS	3	3	0	1/2	Yes	Yes	Harmonic scalpel, bipolar, clips	LB	3–5 cm	Yes	1/1	Yes	No	No
Gumbs and Hoffman, 2010 [19]	NS	6	6	0	0/6	Yes	Yes	Harmonic scalpel, bipolar, clips	LB	3–5 cm	Yes	—	Yes	No	Yes (1)
Belli et al., 2011 [25]	2006–2008	4	4	0	4/0	Yes	NA	NA	Wedge	2 cm	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	0
Shen et al., 2012£ [20]	2010-2011	5	5	0	2/3	Yes	No	Harmonic scalpel, electric hook	LB	2 cm	Yes	No	No	No	No
Gumbs et al., 2013# [21]	2005–2011	15	15	1/15	5/10	Yes	Yes	NS	LB&	1 cm	Yes	No	No	NS	No
Machado et al., 2015 [15]	2015	1	1	0	1/0	Yes	No	Bipolar forceps	S4b-5	—	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
Yoon et al., 2015 [22]	2004–2014	45	32	1/32	0/32	Yes	Yes	NS	LB	2 mmç	Yes	—	No	No	No
Shirobe and Maruyama, 2015 [23]	2001–2013	11	11	0	7/4	6/11∧	Yes	Harmonic scalpel, BiClamp	LB	1 cm	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes (2)
Agarwal et al., 2015 [26]	2011–2013	24 (versus 46 open)	24	0	4/20	Yes	No	Harmonic scalpel, ultrasonic aspirator	S4b-5	—	Yes	4/4	No	No	No
Itano et al., 2015# [27]	2007–2013	19 (versus 14 open)	16	0	0/16	Yes	Yes	Harmonic scalpel	LB	1 cm	Yes	—	No	No	No
Palanisamy et al., 2016 [24]	2008–2013	14	14	0	0/14	Yes	No	Harmonic scalpel, ligasure, ultrasonic aspirator	S4b-5	—	Yes	—	Yes	No	No

MiRC: minimally invasive radical cholecystectomy, RC: radical cholecystectomy, GbC: gallbladder cancer, LIOUS: laparoscopic intraoperative ultrasonography, LB: liver bed, NS: not specified, and S4b-5: liver segments 4b + 5.

^∗Patients who underwent only laparoscopic exploration were excluded from the current analysis.

^£Robot-assisted radical cholecystectomies.

^#Multicenter retrospective study.

^&Two patients underwent extended right hepatectomy.

^çData reported in a previous paper from the same study group [28].

^∧Liver bed resection not performed if tumor located on the peritoneal side of the gallbladder.