Table 4.
MiRC for GbC: intraoperative and postoperative outcomes and pathologic findings.
| Author, year of publication | Mean blood loss, mL (range) | Mean operation duration, min (range) | Morbidity | Mortality | Mean LOS, days (range) | Mean f-up duration, months | DFS at last f-up, rate | Recurrence location | T0-T1a/T1b/T2/T3 | Mean number of resected nodes, (range) | NX/N0/N+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cho et al., 2008 [16] | Minor | 102 (89–146) |
0 | 0 | 5 (4–7) |
15 | 100% | — | 1/0/2/0 | 4 (4-5) |
0/3/0 |
| de Aretxabala et al., 2010 [17] | NS | NS | 0 | 0 | 3 NS |
22 | 80% | Peritoneum (case 1) | 3/13/5/2$ | 6 (3–12) |
8/14/1$ |
| Gumbs and Hoffman, 2010§ [18] | 117 (50–200) |
227 (120–360) |
0 | 0 | 4 (3–5) |
NS | NS | NS | 0/1/0/0 | 3 (1–6) |
0/1/0 |
| Gumbs and Hoffman, 2010§ [19] | 137 (50–300) |
204 (95–360) |
0 | 0 | 4 (3-4) |
NS | NS | NS | 0/0/0/1 | 3 (1–6) |
0/0/1 |
| Belli et al., 2011 [25] | 85 | 162 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 33 | 100% | No | NA | NA | NA |
| Shen et al., 2012£ [20] | 210 (50–400) |
200 (120–360) |
0 | 0 | 7 | 11 | 80% | NS | 0/0/2/3 | 9 (3–11) |
0/2/3 |
| Gumbs et al., 2013# [21] | 160 (0–400) |
220 (120–480) |
0& | 0 | 4 (2–8) |
23 | 87% | Hep pedicle (case 1) Liver (case 2) |
0/8/4/3 | 4 (1–11) |
0/12/3 |
| Machado et al., 2015 [15] | 240 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 12 | 100% | — | 0/1/0/0 | 9 | 0/1/0 |
| Yoon et al., 2015 [22] | 100 (10–1500) |
205 (90–360) |
6/32 | 0 | 4 (2–13) |
60 | 95% | Liver (case 1) Lung (case 2) Liver + lung (case 3) Colon (case 4) |
0/7/25/0 | 7 (1–15) |
0/27/5 |
| Shirobe and Maruyama, 2015 [23] | 92 (10–643) |
196 (150–490) |
1/11 | 0 | 6 (4–19) |
84 | 82% | Hep pedicle + pleural (case 1) Hep pedicle (case 2) |
0/3/8/0 | 13 (9–18) |
0/11/0 |
| Agarwal et al., 2015∗ [26] | 200 (100–850) |
270 (180–340) |
3/24 | 0 | 5 (3–16) |
18 | 96% | Hep pedicle (case 1) | 4/1/11/8 | 10 (4–31) |
0/19/5 |
| Itano et al., 2015% [27] | 152 (±90) |
368 (±73) |
1/16 | 0 | 9 (±1.6) |
37 | 100% | — | 1/2/13/0 | 13 (±3.1) |
0/16/0 |
| Palanisamy et al., 2016% [24] | 196 (±73) |
212 (±26) |
4/14 | 0 | 5 (±0.9) |
51 | 75% | NS | 0/0/11/1 | 8 (4–14) |
0/9/3 |
MiRC: minimally invasive radical cholecystectomy, GbC: gallbladder cancer, f-up: follow-up, DFS: disease-free survival, NS: not specified, and LOS: length of hospital stay.
§Pathologic findings available for only one patient.
#Multicenter retrospective study.
$Data regarding 23 patients affected by GbC initially included in the study (including 5 patients who underwent only laparoscopic exploration, without attempt for MiRC).
& The absence of postoperative bile leak, abdominal collection, and need for reoperation.
∗Blood loss, operation duration, LOS, and resected nodes # are expressed in median (range).
%Blood loss, operation duration, LOS, and resected nodes # are expressed in mean (±standard deviation). Only 12 patients affected by GbC were included in pathological and survival analysis.