Figure 3.
(A) PPARγ transactivation assay with 10 μM doses of compounds 3a–3 g, 4, PODO-1, and pioglitazone. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus the PODO-1 group; ##P < 0.001 versus the pioglitazone group. (B) Representative concentration-response curves of reporter gene transactivation by compound 3a, compound 3f, and PODO-1 compared with pioglitazone. (C) Insulin-resistant cells were incubated with 20 μM doses of the PODO-1 derivatives and pioglitazone. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus the insulin-resistant control; #P < 0.05 versus the normal control. (D) Comparative assessment of the glucose uptake potential of compound 3a, compound 3f, and pioglitazone in the insulin-resistant model of HepG2 cells. The standard error bars represent 3 independent experiments, with each experiment performed in triplicate.