Table 2. Demographic, clinical, and cardiorespiratory variables for clinical groups.
| Group | SCZ (n = 34) | BD (n = 21) | t (df) | p | Hedges’ g | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 30.38 (8.92) | 29.9 (9.55) | 0.18 (40.27) | 0.85 | 0.05 | −0.49; 0.6 |
| BMIa | 25.36 (3.1) | 23.71 (3.6) | 1.51 (31.68) | 0.14 | 0.49 | −0.16; 1.13 |
| HRV | 6.13 (1.13) | 6.27 (1.19) | −0.46 (40.92) | 0.65 | −0.13 | −0.67; 0.42 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 72.33 (12.98) | 69.64 (13.07) | 0.74 (42.26) | 0.46 | 0.2 | −0.34; 0.75 |
| RMSSD | 3.54 (0.59) | 3.61 (0.61) | −0.44 (41.27) | 0.67 | −0.12 | −0.66; 0.42 |
| Respiratory peak frequency (Hz) | 0.29 (0.06) | 0.29 (0.05) | −0.07 (48.42) | 0.95 | −0.02 | −0.56; 0.52 |
| PANSS totaIb | 52.74 (13.6) | 41.25 (7.67) | 3.36 (35.76) | <0.01 | 0.97 | 0.4; 1.77 |
| Positive symptomsb | 11.48 (4.26) | 8.44 (2.25) | 2.89 (34.93) | 0.01 | 0.83 | 0.26; 1.61 |
| Negative symptomsb | 13.35 (5.54) | 9.25 (2.18) | 3.21 (30.36) | <0.01 | 0.89 | 0.36; 1.72 |
| General symptomsb | 27.91 (6.88) | 23.56 (4.79) | 2.33 (37) | 0.03 | 0.7 | 0.09; 1.41 |
Note. Values are means with standard deviations in parenthesis. SCZ = Schizophrenia spectrum disorders; BD = Bipolar spectrum disorders; BMI = Body mass index; bpm = beats per minute; PANSS = Positive and negative syndrome scale; HF-HRV = High frequency heart rate variability (log transformed); RMSSD = Root mean square of successive differences. aSZ group n = 22, BD group n = 17. bSZ group n = 23, BD group n = 16.