Table 2.
Cognitive function, body composition and IGF-I SDS of PWS adolescents at different stages in the study
| Treatment schedule | p-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo/GH (n = 12) | GH/Placebo (n = 13) | ||||||||
| After 1 year placebo | After 1 year GH | After 1 year GH | After 1 year placebo | ||||||
| Total IQ | 61 | (55 to 69) | 62 | (58 to 69) | 69 | (60 to 73) | 70 | (57 to 80) | 0.832 |
| Verbal IQ | 62 | (55 to 66) | 65 | (57 to 70) | 66 | (57 to 75) | 67 | (55 to 76) | 0.486 |
| - Vocabulary | −2.3 | (−2.7 to −2.0) | −2.2 | (−2.9 to −2.0) | −2.3 | (−3.0 to −1.3) | −2.0 | (−2.7 to −1.5) | 0.650 |
| - Similarities | −1.8 | (−2.2 to −1.7) | −1.7 | (−2.3 to −1.1) | −1.3 | (−2.3 to −1.0) | −1.3 | (−2.3 to −1.0) | 0.943 |
| - Arithmetic | −2.0 | (−2.2 to −2.0) | −2.0 | (−2.0 to −1.7) | −2.0 | (−2.0 to −1.7) | −2.0 | (−2.0 to −1.8) | 0.320 |
| - Digit Span | −2.2 | (−2.8 to −1.7) | −2.3 | (−2.9 to −1.8) | −2.0 | (−2.3 to −1.8) | −2.0 | (−2.3 to −1.8) | 0.793 |
| - Information | −1.7 | (−2.6 to −1.7) | −1.8 | (−2.0 to −1.4) | −1.7 | (−2.0 to −1.1) | −1.8 | (−2.3 to −1.3) | 0.154 |
| - Comprehension | −2.3 | (−2.7 to −2.3) | −2.2a | (−2.6 to −2.0) | −2.0 | (−2.6 to −1.4) | −2.0 | (−2.6 to −1.4) | 0.123 |
| Performance IQ | 59 | (53 to 72) | 57 | (52 to 70) | 67 | (57 to 75) | 69 | (55 to 78) | 0.322 |
| - Picture Completion | −2.2 | (−2.9 to −1.7) | −2.5 | (−2.9 to −1.7) | −1.7 | (−2.8 to −0.8) | −1.3 | (−2.3 to −0.4) | 0.130 |
| - Coding | −3.0 | (−3.0 to −2.2) | −2.7 | (−3.0 to −2.3) | −2.5 | (−3.0 to −1.5) | −2.3 | (−3.0 to −1.5) | 0.903 |
| - Block design | −2.0 | (−2.2 to −1.4) | −1.5a | (−2.0 to −1.3) | −1.7 | (−1.8 to −1.2) | −1.7 | (−2.0 to −1.0) | 0.075 |
| - Matrix Reasoning | −1.7 | (−2.1 to −1.3) | −2.3a | (−2.3 to −1.7) | −2.2 | (−2.3 to −1.2) | −2.2 | (−2.3 to −1.3) | 0.376 |
| - Picture Arrangement | −2.3 | (−2.6 to −1.2) | −2.0 | (−2.3 to −1.4) | −1.7 | (−1.7 to −1.0) | −1.3 | (−2.0 to −1.0) | 0.611 |
| FM% | 45.3 | (38.2 to 48.3) | 41.7 | (30.6 to 50.6) | 39.3a | (33.2 to 49.8) | 44.1 | (38.4 to 52.3) | 0.002 |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 32.3 | (30.6 to 45.1) | 34.6a | (31.6 to 44.0) | 35.1 | (32.6 to 41.3) | 36.7 | (31.5 to 39.2) | 0.008 |
| IGF-I SDS | −0.4 | (−0.9 to −0.3) | 2.1a | (0.0 to 2.4) | 1.8a | (1.5 to 2.4) | −0.7 | (−1.7 to 0.3) | <0.001 |
Data expressed in SDS; median with IQR. P-value of mean difference between placebo and GH administration, tested by Wilcoxon tests
awithin Placebo/GH or GH/placebo group; significantly different compared to placebo