Table 1. Characteristics of Subjects in the Derivation and Validation Data.
| Derivation data (8,764) | Validation data (3,430) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 49.6 (10.3) | 44.7 (10.3) | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 3,065 (35.0) | 1,021 (29.8) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.8 (3.4) | 25.0 (3.4) | 0.020 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 83.9 (9.9) | 85.4 (10.1) | <0.001 |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 1,513 (17.4) | 544 (15.9) | 0.021 |
| Current alcohol drinkers, n (%) | 3,191 (36.4) | 1,014 (29.6) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension diagnosed, n (%) | 3,048 (34.8) | 1,158 (33.8) | 0.149 |
| Family history of diabetes, n (%) | 1,285 (14.7) | 417 (12.2) | <0.001 |
| Regular exercise, n (%) | 3,967 (45.3) | 1,912 (55.7) | <0.001 |
| Fasting serum glucose (mmol/l) | 4.91 (1.63) | 4.70 (0.71) | <0.001 |
| Postprandial serum glucose (mmol/l) | 6.29 (2.87) | 5.67 (1.67) | <0.001 |
| Average daily diet intakes | |||
| Total calorie (kcal/d) | 2,391 (892) | 2,253 (845) | <0.001 |
| White rice (g/d) | 221 (155) | 207 (148) | <0.001 |
| Wheaten food (g/d) | 135 (109) | 138 (106) | 0.180 |
| Potato and its products (g/d) | 63 (77) | 59 (68) | 0.040 |
| Beans and its products (g/d) | 53 (66) | 50 (61) | 0.010 |
| Fresh Vegetable (g/d) | 268 (216) | 294 (231) | <0.001 |
| Fresh Fruit (g/d) | 152 (154) | 164 (177) | <0.001 |
| livestock and its products (g/d) | 78 (85) | 65 (70) | <0.001 |
| Poultry and its products (g/d) | 32 (54) | 23 (37) | <0.001 |
| Dairy and its products (ml/d) | 90 (105) | 93 (109) | 0.194 |
| Eggs (g/d) | 46 (47) | 41 (40) | <0.001 |
| Fish and its products (g/d) | 37 (79) | 33 (80) | 0.021 |
| Snacks (g/d) | 15 (34) | 13 (29) | 0.002 |
| Beverage (ml/d) | 39 (89) | 34 (88) | 0.012 |
| Ice-cream (g/d) | 11 (29) | 9.0 (29) | 0.010 |
All values are presented as the mean (standard derivation) or as percentages.