Table 1. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiographic variables in 433 children, according to their infection status*.
| Variable | All subjects | Probable bacterial | Probableviral | Undetermined |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 433 | n = 235 | n = 111 | n = 87 | |
| Demographics and clinical presentation | ||||
| Males (%) | 242 (56.0) | 140 (59.8) § | 53 (47.7) § | 49 (56.3) |
| Mean age ± SD (years) | 4.2 ± 3.5 | 4.9 ± 3.6 §& | 2.8 ± 2.4 §ç | 3.9 ± 3.5 &ç |
| Caucasians (%) | 359 (85.7) | 198 (87.2) | 88 (83.0) | 73 (84.9) |
| At least one parent smoked (%) | 153 (36.9) | 80 (35.6) | 43 (40.6) | 30 (35.7) |
| Presence of fever” (%) | 287 (66.7) | 173 (73.9) §& | 63 (57.3) § | 51 (59.3) & |
| O2 therapy (%) | 139 (33.3) | 65 (28.4) § | 46 (44.2) § | 28 (33.3) |
| Clinical findings (%) | ||||
| Rhonchi | 83 (19.3) | 31 (13.2) § | 36 (32.4) §ç | 16 (18.6) ç |
| Rales | 351 (81.4) | 186 (79.5) § | 98 (88.3) § | 67 (77.9) |
| Wheezing | 104 (24.1) | 45 (19.2) § | 34 (30.6) § | 25 (29.1) |
| Any of the above | 365 (84.7) | 192 (82.0) § | 103 (92.8) §ç | 70 (81.4) ç |
| Severe disease | 312 (72.2) | 178 (75.7) | 78 (70.3) | 56 (65.1) |
| Laboratory data | Mean ± SD (n) | Mean ± SD (n) | Mean ± SD (n) | Mean ± SD (n) |
| WBC (cells/μL) | 14213 ±8570 (428) | 14776 ± 9104(232) | 12523 ± 6436 (111) | 14886 ± 9279 (85) |
| CRP, mg/L | 16.7 ± 42.6 (426) | 21.3 ± 48.1(232)§& | 8.0 ± 30.4 (110)§ç | 15.4 ± 38.7 (84)&ç |
| Neutrophils, % | 61.2 ± 20.7 (413) | 63.6 ± 20.7 (222)§ | 56.6 ± 19.7 (109)§ | 60.7 ± 21.2 (82) |
| PCT, ng/mL | 4.1 ± 13.9 (265) | 6.1 ± 17.0 (132) §& | 1.1 ± 3.4 (78)§ | 3.5 ± 14.4 (55)& |
| sTREM-1, pg/mL | 95.7 ± 186.8 (405) | 101.2 ± 193.1 (214) | 82.5 ± 190.4 (108) | 98.8 ± 165.7 (83) |
| MR-proANP, pmol/L a | 55.0 ± 48.6 (408) | 53.0 ± 44.3 (222) | 57.9 ± 56.2 (106) | 56.8 ± 49.5 (80) |
| MR-proADM, nmol/L a | 0.44 ± 0.71 (410) | 0.50 ± 0.94 (223) & | 0.37 ± 0.16 (106) | 0.35 ± 0.17 (81)& |
CRP, C-reactive protein; PCT, procalcitonin; SD, standard deviation; sTREM, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1; MR-proANP, midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide; MR-proADM, midregional proadenomedullin; WBC, white blood cell count. Results on respiratory viruses, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were available for all the patients.
*The sums do not add up to the total because of missing values.
§p<0.05 for comparison between probable bacterial and probable viral infection groups.
&p<0.05 for comparison between probable bacterial and undetermined infection groups.
çp<0.05 for comparison between probable viral and undetermined infection groups.