Table 2. Serum cytokines in diet groups, excluding animals with liver masses^a,b.

	HFWD (n = 8)	HFWD-Ca (n = 9)
IL-1β (pg/ml)	OOR<15	OOR<15
IL-6 (pg/ml)	5 ± 6	12 ± 26
KC (pg/ml)	55 ± 38	56 ± 24
MCP-1 (pg/ml)	166 ± 76	113 ± 82 (p = 0.03005)*
TNF-α (pg/ml)c	2.09 ± 2.49	0.94 ± 0.86

OOR< = Out of Range Below

^a 8 of the 11 non-mass HFWD and 9 of the 14 non-mass HFWD-Ca samples had sufficient serum left after clinical chemistry to conduct serum cytokine biomarker analysis.

^b Values are mean +/- S.D.

^c Values for TNF- α are based on 2 samples in each group, rest were OOR<0.33.

* significantly different by Mann Whitney U.