Microchip based Western blotting system repeatability study. Repeated injections were made for determination of STAT3 level in EGF-stimulated A431, resting-A431, PMA-stimulated Jurkat, and resting Jurkat cell lysate using (a) microchip based Western blotting system and (b) conventional Western blotting methods. Peaks are circled for clarity. For (a), sample was injected three times while the chip was continuously passed along the membrane. Only the portion of the membrane with detected protein is shown. For (b), numbers next to the bands represent integrated peak areas in arbitrary units. (c) Intensity of the peaks from different samples using microchip western blotting method. Error bar is ±1 standard deviation (n = 3).