Table 2.
Adult and Adolescent Soy Protein Intake and Breast Cancer Risk By Menopausal Status and Receptor Status
| Adult Soy Protein Intake Level (RRa,b (95%CI)) |
Adolescent Soy Protein Intake Level (RRa,b (95%CI)) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | |||
| median=4.5g/day | median=8.2g/day | median=13.5g/day | P trend | median=2.6g/day | median=6.2g/day | median=12.5g/day | P trend | |
| OVERALL | ||||||||
| ER+ (N(cases)=550) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.96 (0.78, 1.18) | 0.86 (0.68, 1.07) | 0.16 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.28 (1.04, 1.57) | 1.09 (0.87, 1.35) | 0.76 |
| ER− (N(cases)=288) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.25 (0.95, 1.66) | 0.87 (0.63, 1.21) | 0.32 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.13 (0.86, 1.49) | 0.98 (0.73, 1.32) | 0.77 |
| ER+/PR+ (N(cases)=409) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.91 (0.72, 1.15) | 0.75 (0.58, 0.98) | 0.03 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.32 (1.03, 1.68) | 1.16 (0.90, 1.48) | 0.46 |
| ER−/PR− (N(cases)=246) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.20 (0.89, 1.62) | 0.83 (0.59, 1.18) | 0.25 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.12 (0.82, 1.52) | 1.12 (0.82, 1.54) | 0.52 |
| ER+/PR− (N(cases)=124) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.18 (0.75, 1.85) | 1.27 (0.78, 2.05) | 0.35 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.05 (0.69, 1.59) | 0.81 (0.51, 1.28) | 0.32 |
| HER2+ (N(cases)=158) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.04 (0.72, 1.51) | 0.79 (0.51, 1.21) | 0.26 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.23 (0.85, 1.77) | 0.79 (0.52, 1.19) | 0.17 |
| HER2− (N(cases)=434) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.92 (0.73, 1.16) | 0.83 (0.65, 1.07) | 0.15 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.11 (0.88, 1.40) | 1.13 (0.89, 1.43) | 0.37 |
| PREMENOPAUSAL | ||||||||
| ER+ (N(cases)=135) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (0.66, 1.50) | 0.91 (0.57, 1.44) | 0.67 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.10 (0.74, 1.63) | 0.86 (0.55, 1.35) | 0.46 |
| ER− (N(cases)=88) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.91 (0.56, 1.46) | 0.60 (0.33, 1.11) | 0.11 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.31 (0.81, 2.11) | 0.77 (0.43, 1.39) | 0.30 |
| ER+/PR+ (N(cases)=103) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.92 (0.58, 1.48) | 0.91 (0.54, 1.52) | 0.72 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.01 (0.64, 1.61) | 1.01 (0.62, 1.66) | 0.97 |
| ER−/PR− (N(cases)=68) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.85 (0.50, 1.44) | 0.46 (0.22, 0.97) | 0.04 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.30 (0.73, 2.30) | 1.09 (0.58, 2.05) | 0.89 |
| ER+/PR− (N(cases)=30) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.32 (0.56, 3.12) | 1.04 (0.38, 2.83) | 0.97 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.48 (0.68, 3.25) | 0.33 (0.09, 1.21) | 0.08 |
| HER2+ (N(cases)=49) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.07 (0.56, 2.05) | 0.73 (0.33, 1.61) | 0.44 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.43 (0.75, 2.72) | 0.64 (0.28, 1.47) | 0.22 |
| HER2− (N(cases)=122) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.90 (0.58, 1.38) | 0.93 (0.58, 1.51) | 0.78 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.84 (0.55, 1.27) | 0.84 (0.54, 1.32) | 0.49 |
| POSTMENOPAUSAL | ||||||||
| ER+ (N(cases)=415) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.95 (0.75, 1.21) | 0.84 (0.65, 1.09) | 0.19 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.35 (1.06, 1.72) | 1.16 (0.90, 1.49) | 0.48 |
| ER− (N(cases)=200) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.52 (1.07, 2.15) | 1.05 (0.71, 1.57) | 0.90 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.05 (0.75, 1.48) | 1.06 (0.75, 1.50) | 0.76 |
| ER+/PR+ (N(cases)=306) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.90 (0.69, 1.19) | 0.72 (0.53, 0.96) | 0.02 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.45 (1.09, 1.92) | 1.21 (0.90, 1.62) | 0.44 |
| ER−/PR− (N(cases)=178) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.44 (1.00, 2.08) | 1.04 (0.69, 1.58) | 0.91 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.05 (0.73, 1.51) | 1.13 (0.78, 1.62) | 0.52 |
| ER+/PR− (N(cases)=94) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.14 (0.66, 1.94) | 1.35 (0.78, 2.33) | 0.28 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.90 (0.55, 1.48) | 0.94 (0.57, 1.54) | 0.84 |
| HER2+ (N(cases)=109) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.02 (0.65, 1.61) | 0.81 (0.49, 1.36) | 0.40 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.12 (0.72, 1.75) | 0.83 (0.51, 1.34) | 0.37 |
| HER2− (N(cases)=312) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.94 (0.71, 1.23) | 0.80 (0.60, 1.08) | 0.14 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.26 (0.95, 1.66) | 1.26 (0.95, 1.68) | 0.15 |
a
Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, body mass index, age at first live birth, physical activity, education, family history of breast cancer, season of recruitment, and menopause (time-varying) were used for analyses
b
Adult intakes additionally adjusted for total energy intake and juvenile intakes adjusted for total juvenile rice intake
c
Stratified based on menopausal status at breast cancer diagnosis