Table 1.

A summarized overview of human–nature relationship connections between those research fields explored.

Research field	Type of connection	Description	Examples
Evolutionary biology	Cultural–genetic interaction (coevolution)	The interrelationship between two or more inherent systems (e.g., biophysical, biotic, and cultural). Examples used in this review related to lifestyle and dietary choices Overlaps identified between the following research disciplines and fields: human health (see Defining Health), genetics, evolutionary studies, culture, and social economic behaviors	Lumsden and Wilson (25); Boyd and Richerson (27); Cohen and Armelagos (28); Laland et al. (29); Bloomfield et al. (30); Gual and Norgaard (31); Simon (32); Nelson (33); Carrera-Bastos et al. (34); and Powell (35)
Evolutionary psychology	Affiliation to nature	The instinctive esthetic preference and value for nature. Examples used in this review related to people’s feelings of connectedness to nature Overlaps identified between the following research disciplines and fields: evolution, mental health and well-being (see Mental Health), social and behavioral ecology, psychology, culture, and human development	Wilson (44); Naess (40); Pyle (41); Schultz (42); Mayer and Frantz (43); Howell et al. (45); Ulrich (46); Gullone (48); Depledge et al. (49); Joye and van den Berg (50); Orr (51); and Tuan (52)
Social economics	Economic–nature conflicts	The values of nature are counter intuitive with those values and actions of capitalism. Examples used in this review related to natural resource management Overlaps identified between the following research disciplines and fields: social economics, ecosystem accounting (see Impacts of the Human–Nature Relationship on Health), power relationships, conservation and resource management, affiliation to nature, and biophysical systems	Relph (55); Hay (56); Glacken (57); Buckeridge (60); Small and Jollands (61); Hardin (62); Van Vugt (65); and Ostrom (66)
Environmentalism	Power relationships	Those power relationships exerted by both nature and humanity. Examples used in this review related to conservation behaviors and management of the natural environment Overlaps identified between the following research disciplines and fields: economic–nature conflicts, conservation management, social and cultural behaviors, social health (see Social Health), affiliation to nature, and biophysical systems	Radkau (69); Richards (71); Whited (77); Hodder and Bullock (80); Tidball (81); and Adger et al. (82)