Table 4.

Effects of chakasaponin II (12) on plasma GLP-1 and CCK levels in mice

Treatments	Dose (mg/kg, p.o.)	Food intake (g/30 min)	Plasma GLP-1 (pg/mL)	Plasma CCK (pg/mL)
Control	–	1.31 ± 0.06	20.0 ± 3.4	419 ± 25
Chakasaponin II (12)	25	1.19 ± 0.08	25.3 ± 4.6	681 ± 70**
	50	1.02 ± 0.06**	37.3 ± 9.9*	702 ± 112**

Male ddY mice (6 weeks old) were fed a high-fat diet (45 kcal % fat, D12451; Research Diets Inc.) for 7 days before the experiments. Test samples were given orally to the fasted mice 45 min before the mid-light satiety test. The high-fat diet was then given to the mice for 30 min, and the food intake within the 30-min period was measured for each group. A blood sample was collected from the portal vein under anesthesia, and plasma GLP-1 and CCK levels were measured by ELISA kits. Refer to Fig. 6 for abbreviations

Values represent the mean ± SEM (n = 7 or 8)

Significant difference where *p < 0.05 or **p < 0.01 was compared with controls