Table 1.
Demographics and Clinical Parameters Stratified by Healthy Control Subjects and Outpatients/Inpatients with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (N = 132)
| Healthy (n = 26) | Outpatients (n = 22) | Inpatients (n = 84) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, mo | 6.6 (2.0–10.2) | 7.2 (5.0–12.2) | 2.6 (1.4–4.9) | <0.0005* |
| Male sex | 19 (73.1) | 12 (54.5) | 50 (59.5) | 0.36† |
| Breastfeeding | 5/17 (29.4) | 2/22 (9.1) | 19/82 (23.2) | 0.25‡ |
| Antibiotics | 0 (0.0) | 4 (18.2) | 39 (46.4) | <0.0005† |
| Days of antibiotics before sampling | N/A | § | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | N/A |
| Days of symptoms at enrollment | N/A | 3.5 (2.0–5.5) | 5.0 (4.0–6.0) | 0.03|| |
| Disease severity | ||||
| Length of stay, d | N/A | N/A | 3.2 (2.0–5.5) | N/A |
| O2 requirement | N/A | 0 (0.0) | 71 (84.5) | <0.0005‡ |
| CDSS | ||||
| Mild | N/A | 21 (95.5) | 18 (21.4) | |
| Moderate | N/A | 1 (4.5) | 41 (48.8) | |
| Severe | N/A | 0 (0.0) | 25 (29.8) | <0.0005† |
| PICU admission | N/A | N/A | 35 (41.7) | N/A |
| White blood cells/μl¶ | 7.9 (6.9–9.4) | 10.0 (7.3–11.8) | 11.8 (9.0–14.7) | <0.0005* |
| Neutrophils, % | 21.0 (13.5–27.5) | 26.5 (19.3–45.8) | 35.5 (27.8–49.3) | <0.0005* |
| Lymphocytes, % | 67.0 (59.8–76.5) | 57.0 (35.0–70.5) | 50.5 (39.0–61.0) | <0.0005* |
| Monocytes, % | 7.0 (5.0–11.0) | 12.0 (8.8–15.8) | 12.0 (8.0–16.0) | 0.001* |
Definition of abbreviations: CDSS = clinical disease severity score, which ranks from 0–15 and is stratified in: mild (0–5), moderate (6–10), and severe (11–15) respiratory syncytial virus disease; N/A = not applicable; PICU = pediatric intensive care unit.
Data reported are median (interquartile range) or n (%). Statistically significant P values (P < 0.05) are shown in boldface.
Statistically significant differences between groups were calculated using Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables.
Statistically significant differences between groups were calculated using chi-square test for categorical data.
Statistically significant differences between groups were calculated using Fisher’s exact test for categorical data.
Four children received antibiotic treatment, 2, 10, 12, and 21 d before sampling.
Statistically significant differences between groups were calculated using Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables.
On twenty samples, no white blood cell count and differential was performed (2, 4, and 14 samples of healthy children, outpatients, and inpatients, respectively).