Table 3.

Measures of Severity in Hospitalized Respiratory Syncytial Virus Cases Stratified by Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Profile

	Cluster (N = 77)*
	HPH (n = 14)	STR (n = 25)	COR (n = 15)	MOR (n = 11)	STA (n = 12)	P Value
Demographic characteristics
Age, mo	5.6 (1.5–7.6)	2.2 (1.4–3.3)	4.1 (2.2–9.1)	3.5 (1.8–5.1)	1.2 (0.6–2.2)	0.002†
Male sex	8 (57.1)	10 (40.0)	12 (80.0)	5 (45.5)	9 (75.0)	0.08‡
Breastfeeding	4/14 (28.6)	2/25 (8.0)	2/14 (14.3)	1/10 (10)	8/12 (66.7)	0.002‡
Antibiotics	10 (71.4)	12 (48.0)	8 (53.3)	3 (27.3)	3 (25.0)	0.11§
Disease severity
LOS	3.9 (1.9–12.1)	3.8 (2.3–6.3)	3.3 (2.7–4.9)	2.0 (1.4–3.2)	3.6 (2.0–5.5)	0.10†
O2 required	12 (85.7)	24 (96.0)	13 (86.7)	8 (72.7)	9 (75.0)	0.22‡
CDSS	7.0 (4.8–10.3)	9.0 (6.0–12.0)	13.0 (8.0–13.0)	7.0 (5.0–8.0)	6.5 (5.0–10.8)	0.06†
PICU	6 (42.9)	10 (40.0)	9 (60.0)	2 (18.2)	6 (50)	0.31‡

Definition of abbreviations: CDSS = clinical disease severity score; COR = Corynebacterium; HPH = Haemophilus influenzae; LOS = length of hospital stay; MOR = Moraxella; PICU = pediatric intensive care unit; STA = Staphylococcus aureus; STR = Streptococcus.

Data reported are median (interquartile range) or n (%). Statistically significant P values (P < 0.05) are shown in boldface. Clusters were enriched for H. influenzae, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Moraxella, or S. aureus.

^*Excluding 26 healthy control subjects, 22 outpatients, and 7 children who could not be assigned to a large (>3 individuals) microbiota cluster.

^†Statistically significant differences between groups were calculated using Kruskal–Wallis for continuous variables.

^‡Statistically significant differences between groups were calculated using Fisher’s exact test for categorical data.

^§Statistically significant differences between groups were calculated using chi-square test for categorical data.