Table 4. Clinical parameters derived from the six tasks with either kinematic method.
Means and standard deviations (SD) are given along with repeatability (ICC(1,1) and SEM in % of mean).
| Repeatability | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kinect ICC(1,1) | Kinect SEM [%] | Vicon ICC(1,1) | Vicon SEM [%] | |
| Stand up and Sit down | ||||
| Up Time [s] | 0.72 (0.55; 0.86) | 9.89 | 0.77 (0.62; 0.89) | 8.59 |
| Up DR ML [cm] | 0.56 (0.35; 0.76) | 39.08 | 0.43 (0.22; 0.67) | 40.71 |
| Up DR AP [cm] | 0.81 (0.68; 0.91) | 7.57 | 0.82 (0.69; 0.92) | 7.25 |
| Up RoM right Hand [cm] | 0.73 (0.56; 0.87) | 10.24 | 0.70 (0.52; 0.85) | 10.69 |
| Up RoM left Hand [cm] | 0.69 (0.50; 0.84) | 11.46 | 0.68 (0.50; 0.84) | 11.48 |
| Down Time [s] | 0.55 (0.34; 0.76) | 9.91 | 0.62 (0.42; 0.80) | 9.10 |
| Down DR ML [cm] | 0.49 (0.28; 0.71) | 36.41 | 0.33 (0.13; 0.59) | 43.50 |
| Down DR AP [cm] | 0.73 (0.56; 0.87) | 8.20 | 0.79 (0.65; 0.90) | 6.94 |
| comfortable speed walk | ||||
| Speed Mean [m/s] | 0.81 (0.67; 0.91) | 5.38 | 0.80 (0.67; 0.91) | 5.29 |
| Left-right deviation [cm] | 0.40 (0.20; 0.64) | 25.03 | 0.49 (0.28; 0.71) | 28.75 |
| Up-down deviation [cm] | 0.88 (0.79; 0.95) | 9.42 | 0.93 (0.86; 0.97) | 7.15 |
| DR pitch [°] | 0.32 (0.13; 0.58) | 26.79 | 0.28 (0.10; 0.54) | 26.98 |
| DR roll [°] | 0.79 (0.65; 0.90) | 16.42 | 0.55 (0.35; 0.75) | 20.96 |
| DR 3D [°] | 0.45 (0.24; 0.68) | 26.34 | 0.30 (0.11; 0.55) | 25.21 |
| MSV pitch [°/s] | 0.64 (0.45; 0.81) | 11.17 | 0.83 (0.71; 0.92) | 12.18 |
| MSV roll [°/s] | 0.81 (0.67; 0.91) | 14.69 | 0.75 (0.59; 0.88) | 18.27 |
| MSV 3D [°/s] | 0.71 (0.54; 0.86) | 10.13 | 0.81 (0.68; 0.91) | 10.50 |
| maximum speed walk | ||||
| Speed Mean [m/s] | 0.86 (0.76; 0.94) | 3.72 | 0.87 (0.77; 0.94) | 3.65 |
| Left-right deviation [cm] | 0.44 (0.24; 0.68) | 22.14 | 0.33 (0.13; 0.58) | 38.75 |
| Up-down deviation [cm] | 0.83 (0.71; 0.92) | 21.43 | 0.91 (0.84; 0.96) | 17.76 |
| DR pitch [°] | 0.60 (0.40; 0.79) | 17.00 | 0.61 (0.42; 0.79) | 18.32 |
| DR roll [°] | 0.63 (0.44; 0.81) | 21.25 | 0.54 (0.34; 0.75) | 26.34 |
| DR 3D [°] | 0.67 (0.49; 0.83) | 21.06 | 0.58 (0.39; 0.78) | 18.73 |
| MSV pitch [°/s] | 0.72 (0.56; 0.86) | 16.99 | 0.74 (0.58; 0.87) | 17.80 |
| MSV roll [°/s] | 0.77 (0.63; 0.89) | 15.58 | 0.81 (0.68; 0.91) | 18.16 |
| MSV 3D [°/s] | 0.76 (0.61; 0.88) | 13.54 | 0.85 (0.73; 0.93) | 12.88 |
| Line walk | ||||
| Speed Mean [m/s] | 0.92 (0.85; 0.97) | 5.78 | 0.92 (0.86; 0.97) | 5.83 |
| Left-right deviation [cm] | 0.78 (0.63; 0.90) | 17.74 | 0.71 (0.54; 0.86) | 20.25 |
| Up-down deviation [cm] | 0.20 (0.03; 0.46) | 25.22 | 0.68 (0.50; 0.84) | 10.92 |
| DR pitch [°] | 0.65 (0.45; 0.82) | 17.66 | 0.64 (0.44; 0.82) | 20.92 |
| DR roll [°] | 0.50 (0.29; 0.73) | 24.54 | 0.50 (0.29; 0.72) | 30.52 |
| DR 3D [°] | 0.66 (0.47; 0.83) | 19.09 | 0.56 (0.35; 0.77) | 23.84 |
| MSV pitch [°/s] | 0.60 (0.40; 0.79) | 11.48 | 0.65 (0.46; 0.82) | 12.51 |
| MSV roll [°/s] | 0.67 (0.48; 0.83) | 15.95 | 0.62 (0.42; 0.81) | 19.28 |
| MSV 3D [°/s] | 0.65 (0.46; 0.82) | 10.78 | 0.66 (0.48; 0.83) | 13.40 |
| Stance with closed feet and open and closed eyes | ||||
| DR pitch [°] | 0.45 (0.22; 0.72) | 33.95 | 0.43 (0.20; 0.71) | 31.83 |
| DR Roll [°] | 0.41 (0.18; 0.69) | 25.66 | 0.36 (0.13; 0.65) | 23.67 |
| DR 3D [°] | 0.47 (0.23; 0.73) | 33.45 | 0.42 (0.19; 0.70) | 30.73 |
| MSV pitch [°/s] | 0.75 (0.56; 0.89) | 18.05 | 0.77 (0.59; 0.90) | 15.92 |
| MSV roll [°/s] | 0.77 (0.60; 0.91) | 16.42 | 0.78 (0.60; 0.91) | 14.04 |
| MSV 3D [°/s] | 0.82 (0.67; 0.93) | 13.99 | 0.84 (0.70; 0.94) | 11.67 |
| Walking on the spot | ||||
| RoM Knee L [cm] | 0.86 (0.73; 0.94) | 9.23 | 0.93 (0.85; 0.97) | 5.09 |
| RoM Knee R [cm] | 0.93 (0.87; 0.97) | 5.94 | 0.91 (0.82; 0.96) | 6.31 |
| Cadence L [steps/min] | 0.98 (0.95; 0.99) | 2.39 | 0.98 (0.95; 0.99) | 2.36 |
| Cadence R [steps/min] | 0.96 (0.92; 0.98) | 2.93 | 0.96 (0.92; 0.98) | 2.94 |
Abbrev: AP—anterio-posterior; ML—medio-lateral; V—vertical; SEM—Standard Error of Measurement; DR—deflection range; MSV—mean sway velocity; RoM—range of motion.