Table 3.
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) signal intensity ratio measures for yoga and MET groups.
| Yoga group Mean (SD) | MET group Mean (SD) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow-up | Baseline | Follow-up | Time*group | Effect size | |
| Dorsal ACC | ||||||
| GABA | 0.35 (0.18) | 0.33 (0.17) | 0.35 (0.20) | 0.31 (0.14) | F(1,17) = 0.07, P = 0.8 | 0.44 |
| Glx | 0.74 (0.22) | 0.94 (0.48) | 0.99 (0.59) | 1.26 (1.24) | F(1,17) = 0.67, P = 0.4 | 0.62 |
| Cho | 0.27 (0.07) | 0.26 (0.04) | 0.25 (0.03) | 0.26 (0.05) | F(1,19) = 0.51, P = 0.5 | 0.41 |
| NAA/NAAG | 1.21(0.17) | 1.24 (0.18) | 1.30 (0.15) | 1.28 (0.11) | F(1,19) = 0.24, P = 0.6 | 0.06 |
| Bilateral hippocampus | ||||||
| Glx | 1.77 (0.35) | 1.83 (0.37) | 1.72 (0.35) | 1.88 (0.46) | F(1,40) = 0.33, P = 0.6 | 0.18 |
| Cho | 0.31 (0.04) | 0.32 (0.03) | 0.34 (0.05) | 0.31 (0.04) | F(1,38) = 4.35, P = 0.04 | 0.42 |
| NAA/NAAG | 1.17 (0.11) | 1.10 (0.12) | 1.14 (0.13) | 1.17 (0.19) | F(1,40) = 2.90, P = 0.09 | 1.02 |
The reported effect sizes are the between group Cohen’s d for changes in MRS signal intensity measures. Signal intensity measures were obtained by the ratio of creatine and phosphocreatine (Cr + Pcr) except gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by the ratio of N-acetyl aspartate and N-acetylaspartyl-glutamate (NAA/NAAG). Abbreviations: Dorsal ACC, Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex; Gix, Glutamate + Glutamine; Cho, glycerophosphocholine + phosphocholine.