Table 2.

Timing of early government cost savings from preschool participation in the Child-Parent Centers

Benefit	Valued at age	Benefit at age occurred	PV of benefit	Preschool effect on outcome	PV of preschool effect in dollars
Special education in years	12	$11,082 per year	$8,495	0.7 reduction in years of services	$5,946
Substantiated claims of child abuse and neglect	10	$56,663 per claim	$46,073	7.5 percentage point reduction	$3,456
Juvenile criminal justice system expenditures per petition	14	$26,956 per petition	$19,474	0.33 reduction in number of petitions	$6,427
Grade retention in years	19	$10,258 per year	$6,392	15.4 percentage point reduction	$984

Note. Estimates are in 2014 dollars. Present values are calculated at the child’s age 3 using a 3% discount rate. More information is provided in Appendix C in Reynolds et al. (2011b). By age 18, 14.4% of the program group received special education vs. 24.6 % of the comparison group.