TABLE 2.

PHISTb genes

Gene identificationa	Other gene identification(s) or name(s)b	Presence of PEXELc	Gene statusd	Molecular mass (kDa)e	Length (aa)e	KOf	Description (reference[s] or source)g
PF3D7_0201600	PFB0080c, PF02_0016	x		48.0	394	x	Affected by large chromosome break, which causes a loss of cytoadherence and permanent expression of var2csa, regulates var2csa and var gene expression (86); displayed on iRBC surface (86); cytosolic localization with weak accumulation at the erythrocyte periphery (20); PHISTb domain-containing RESA-like protein 1 (PlasmoDB); overexpressed in samples from patients with cerebral malaria (34)
PF3D7_0401800	PFD0080c, MAL4P1.16, PfD80	x		54.8	512		Upregulated within 90 min after artesunate treatment (87), suggested to interact with PFD0985w based on data mining (88), putative Maurer's cleft protein (89, 90), differentially expressed in Pf-FRC parasites selected for CSA or CD36 binding (91), among the most significantly upregulated genes in children with P. falciparum malaria (92), discrepancy observed between RNA and protein levels (93, 94)
PF3D7_0402100	PFD0095c, MAL4P1.19	x		61.7	522		var gene chr4var7 showed recombination with PFD0100c (95), essential for in vitro growth (44), apparently linked to invasion ligand RH1 abundance in FCR3 (80, 95), contains a MEC motif (39)
PF3D7_0424600	PFD1170c, MAL4P1.229	x		26.2	221	x	Required for correct KAHRP transport and knob formation, and deletion has an effect similar to that in KAHRP KO parasites but does not affect PfEMP1 transport (44); protein shows peripheral localization (20); no interaction with the ATS of PfEMP1 (19); involved in knob formation and cytoadherence (96); present in peripheral blood of malaria patients (77)
PF3D7_0424800	PFD1180w, MAL4P1.231	x		31.1	266
PF3D7_0532300	PFE1600w, MAL5P1.314	x		49.9	419		Exported and tyrosine phosphorylated in the RBC cytoplasm (97), shown on immunoblots with candidate vaccine antigens (98), shown in an interaction cluster with PFE1605w (99)
PF3D7_0532400	PFE1605w, MAL5P1.315, LyMP	x		50.6	439		Showed interaction with ATS of PfEMP1 variants localized to the knobs (19); localization at membrane cytoskeleton between knobs (40); recently reviewed, indicating both knob and membrane localizations (100); referred to as Hsp40 protein, with interaction with MSP1 (101); HSP40 protein with J domain (102); yeast two-hybrid interaction with SBP1 and PFE1600w (102); also computationally predicted to be a nuclear pore protein and to be part of a signaling pathway in the FIKK protein family (103)
PF3D7_0601500	PFF0075c, MAL6P1.19	x		50.0	417		Has two MEC motifs, with only a 1-aa difference compared to PF3D7_0631100 (39)
PF3D7_0631100	PFF1510w	x		49.9	416		Has two MEC motifs, with only a 1-aa difference compared to PF3D7_0601500 (39)
PF3D7_0702100	MAL7P1.7	x	PG	69.1	586		Part of an interaction network with SBP in the center (99), hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide treatment changed its expression (104), identified as a RESA-like protein (82), identified as a RESA-like protein but not HSP40 (105)
PF3D7_0731300	MAL7P1.174, Pfg174	x		31.6	263	x	Putative Maurer's cleft protein (89, 90), suggested location of a surface protein (106), soluble protein (107)
PF3D7_0831000	MAL8P1.2, GEXP09			51.0	426		Listed as an HSP40 chaperone with a J domain (102)
PF3D7_0902700	PFI0130c	x	PG	44.0	372		Silencing of this gene resulted in inhibition of apoptosis without affecting parasite growth (108), potentially links an unknown surface protein to the iRBC cytoskeleton (109), contains a MEC motif (39)
PF3D7_0936900	PFI1785w	x	PG	32.9	274		Particularly abundant protein in samples from pregnant women but not in samples from children (49, 110, 111), affected by deletions on chromosome 9 (112, 113), String database mining suggested interaction with var2csa and MAL13P1.470-1 (84), one of the earliest-upregulated genes in the asexual cycle (28), often mentioned together with PFD1140w
PF3D7_0937000	PFI1790w			43.0	357	x	Yeast two-hybrid interaction with band 4.1R (99, 114), potential involvement in host cytoskeleton remodeling (39), located in a region prone to deletion in P. falciparum strains IT and FCR3 (113), contains a MEC motif (39)
PF3D7_1102500	PF11_0037, GEXP2	x		64.6	547	x	Immunoprecipitation using this protein pulled down Plasmodium translocon of exported proteins (PTEX) components HSP101, PTEX150, and EXP2 (45); differentially expressed in HP1-depleted parasites (53); involved in cytoadherence (109)
PF3D7_1201000	PFL0050c, MAL12P1.10	x		71.7	605	x	Putative Maurer's cleft protein (89, 90), String database mining suggests interaction with var2csa and MAL13P1.470-1 (84)
PF3D7_1252700	PFL2535w, MAL12P1.502	x		42.1	363		RESA-like protein (115)
PF3D7_1252800	PFL2540w, MAL12P1.503	x		66.6	559		Contains a MEC motif (39)
PF3D7_1372100	MAL13P1.475, GEXP04	x		67.0	558	x	Frequently deleted in field samples, affected by the same deletion as HRP2 and HRP3 (116, 117)
PF3D7_1401600	PF14_0018	x		45.7	391	x	Knockout resulted in less rigid but viable parasites (39, 44), putative TM domain or GPI anchor (118), contains a MEC motif (39)
PF3D7_1476200	PF14_0731 or PF14_0730	x		49.3	410		Upregulated in vitro when cultured with human serum compared to AlbuMAX (119)
PF3D7_1476300	PF14_0732	x		61.5	514	x	Frequently deleted in HB3 and other strains (120)
PF3D7_1477500	PF14_0746	x		49.9	411

^aCurrent gene identification from PlasmoDB.

^bOther/previous names.

^cThe presence of a PEXEL motif is indicated by “x,” as identified in reference 15 or 1.

^dAnnotated as a pseudogene (PG) in PlasmoDB.

^eFor proteins with a PEXEL motif, molecular mass and length were calculated for the PEXEL-cleaved form of the protein (the molecular mass for PEXEL-cleaved proteins was calculated by using the ExPASy Web tool [http://web.expasy.org/compute_pi/]).

^fExisting viable knockout (KO) parasites or natural gene deletions are indicated by “x” (see reference 44 or the reference[s] indicated).

^gInformation or references referring to the corresponding gene or protein. TM, transmembrane; GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol.