TABLE 2.
Cultured microbial isolates with rhodopsins
| Strain(s); species or taxon | Taxon (clade) | Geographic origin | Rhodopsin typea | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HTCC2207; SAR92 | Gammaproteobacteria | Oregon, East Pacific | PR | 53 |
| IMCC3088; MO60/NOR5 | Gammaproteobacteria | South Korea, Yellow Sea | PR | 60 |
| IMCC2047; Alteromonadales | Gammaproteobacteria | South Korea, Yellow Sea | PR | 61 |
| AND4; Vibrio sp. | Gammaproteobacteria | Andaman Sea | PR | 35 |
| BAA-1116; Vibrio campbellii | Gammaproteobacteria | Marine | PR | 142 |
| PEL22A; Vibrio campbellii | Gammaproteobacteria | Abrolhos Bank, South Atlantic | PR | 62 |
| BAA-2122; Vibrio caribbeanicus | Gammaproteobacteria | Curaçao, Caribbean Sea | PR | 63 |
| ATCC 33789; Vibrio splendidus | Gammaproteobacteria | Seawater, Hawaii, Pacific | PR | 63 |
| 10 strains; SAR11 | Alphaproteobacteria | Oregon, East Pacific | PR | 55 |
| 11 strains; SAR11 | Alphaproteobacteria | Oregon coast; BATSd | PR | 102 |
| IMCC1322; Puniceispirillum marinum | Alphaproteobacteria (SAR116) | South Korea, West Pacific | PR | 59 |
| HTCC2181; OM43 | Betaproteobacteria | Oregon, East Pacific | XR | 57 |
| MOLA814 | Betaproteobacteria | Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean | PR | 58 |
| MED134, MED152; Flavobacteriia | Bacteroidetes | West Mediterranean Sea | PR | 65 |
| 38 strains; Flavobacteriia | Bacteroidetes | Japan, West Pacific | PR | 67 |
| M31; Salinibacter ruber | Bacteroidetes | Solar saltern | XR, HR, 2 SR | 75 |
| DSW-6; Nonlabens dokdonensis | Bacteroidetes | South Korea, West Pacific | NaR, PR | 87 |
| NBRC 100814; Dokdonia eikasta | Bacteroidetes | West Pacific | NaR, PR | 40 |
| R-8282; Gillisia limnaeab | Bacteroidetes | Lake Fryxell, Antarctica | NaR, PR | 41 |
| PRO95; Dokdonia sp. | Bacteroidetes | North Sea | NaR, PR | 42, 168 |
| S1-08; Nonlabens marinus | Bacteroidetes | Northwestern Pacific Ocean | NaR, ClR, PR | 43 |
| 5 luna mixed cultures | Actinobacteria | Great Lakes, Canada | ActR | 82 |
| JL-3; Exiguobacterium sp. | Firmicutes | Freshwater lake | SRc | 74 |
| CCMP 1788; Oxyrrhis marina (and others) | Dinoflagellate (multiple) | Caribbean Sea | PR | 47 |
| UNC 1102; Pseudo-nitzschia granii | Diatoms | Indian Ocean | XR | 155 |
| Organic lake phycodnavirus | Phycodnaviridae | Antarctica | PR | 156 |
| Phaeocystis globosa virus (PGV) | Phycodnaviridae | Antarctica | PR | 156 |
a
PR, proteorhodopsin; XR, xanthorhodopsin; HR, halorhodopsin, SR, sensory rhodopsin; NaR, sodium-pumping rhodopsin; ClR, chloride-pumping rhodopsin.
b
The genome of the strain carries a third rhodopsin gene, likely encoding a truncated NaR containing only 120 amino acids.
c
Rhodopsin pumps protons when overexpressed in E. coli.
d
Bermuda Atlantic Time Series study site.