Table 3.
Secondary Outcomes, According to Intervention Group and Type of Severe Acute Malnutrition.*
| Secondary Outcome | Amoxicillin | Cefdinir | Placebo | Total |
| Overall | ||||
| Time to recovery | ||||
| No. of children | 820 | 839 | 783 | |
| No. of days | 30±19 | 29±19 | 30±19 | 29±19 |
| Weight | ||||
| No. of children | 883 | 897 | 873 | |
| Gain (g/kg/day)† | 3.4±4.0 | 3.9±6.3‡ | 3.1±4.1‡ | 3.5±4.9 |
| Length | ||||
| No. of children | 883 | 897 | 873 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.20±0.45 | 0.22±0.44 | 0.18±0.44 | 0.20±0.44 |
| Mid-upper-arm circumference | ||||
| No. of children | 878 | 888 | 866 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.27±0.42¶ | 0.28±0.42‖ | 0.22±0.41¶‖ | 0.26±0.42 |
| Kwashiorkor | ||||
| Time to recovery | ||||
| No. of children | 610 | 632 | 583 | |
| No. of days | 26±16 | 27±18 | 27±17 | 27±17 |
| Weight | ||||
| No. of children | 636 | 649 | 614 | |
| Gain (g/kg/day)† | 2.7±3.4 | 3.2±6.7** | 2.5±3.4** | 2.8±4.8 |
| Length | ||||
| No. of children | 636 | 649 | 614 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.21±0.48 | 0.24±0.47 | 0.20±0.48 | 0.22±0.48 |
| Mid-upper-arm circumference | ||||
| No. of children | 633 | 642 | 609 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.26±0.45†† | 0.26±0.42‡‡ | 0.21±0.42††‡‡ | 0.25±0.43 |
| Marasmic kwashiorkor | ||||
| Time to recovery | ||||
| No. of children | 54 | 51 | 55 | |
| No. of days | 44±21 | 39±17 | 40±18 | 41±19 |
| Weight | ||||
| No. of children | 65 | 67 | 76 | |
| Gain (g/kg/day)† | 4.1±3.4 | 4.9±4.3 | 3.6±5.1 | 4.2±4.4 |
| Length | ||||
| No. of children | 65 | 67 | 76 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.17±0.38 | 0.15±0.26 | 0.13±0.30 | 0.15±0.32 |
| Mid-upper-arm circumference | ||||
| No. of children | 63 | 66 | 75 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.22±0.33 | 0.34±0.42‡‡ | 0.19±0.37‡‡ | 0.25±0.38 |
| Marasmus | ||||
| Time to recovery | ||||
| No. of children | 156 | 156 | 145 | |
| No. of days | 37±23 | 35±21 | 38±23 | 37±22 |
| Weight | ||||
| No. of children | 182 | 181 | 183 | |
| Gain (g/kg/day)† | 5.6±5.3 | 6.0±4.7‡‡ | 4.9±5.0‡‡ | 5.5±5.1 |
| Length | ||||
| No. of children | 182 | 181 | 183 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.15±0.33 | 0.21±0.35 | 0.16±0.32 | 0.17±0.34 |
| Mid-upper-arm circumference | ||||
| No. of children | 182 | 180 | 182 | |
| Gain (mm/day)§ | 0.32±0.37 | 0.34±0.41 | 0.28±0.38 | 0.31±0.39 |
Plus.minus values are means ±SD. P>0.05 for all pairwise comparisons, except as noted.
Weight gain was calculated from enrollment to the second follow-up visit (or to the first follow-up visit for children who had recovered by the time of the first follow-up visit or did not return for a second follow-up visit).
P = 0.002 for the comparison of placebo with cefdinir.
Gains in length and mid-upper-arm circumference were calculated from enrollment until the final study visit.
P = 0.01 for the comparison of placebo with amoxicillin.
P = 0.002 for the comparison of placebo with cefdinir.
P = 0.02 for the comparison of placebo with cefdinir.
P = 0.04 for the comparison of placebo with amoxicillin.
P = 0.03 for the comparison of placebo with cefdinir.