Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of trial participants (N=82)
| Variable | Control (n=21) Mean (SD) Frequency |
OEP (n=61) Mean (SD) Frequency |
Total (N=82) Mean (SD) Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 79.9 (5.0) | 79.5(4.8) | 79.6 (4.5) |
| Height (cm) | 172.3 (44.4) | 166.9 (9.3) | 168.3 (23.6) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 16 | 40 | 56 |
| Male | 5 | 22 | 26 |
| Weight (kg) | 73.3 (20.8) | 76.2 (16.9) | 75.4 (17.9) |
| Education | |||
| Less than grade 9 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| Grades 9–13, without certificate or diploma | 2 | 16 | 18 |
| High school certificate or diploma | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Trades or professional certificate or diploma | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| Some university certificate or diploma | 1 | 8 | 9 |
| University certificate or diploma | 3 | 5 | 8 |
| University degree* | 11 | 23 | 34 |
| MMSE score (maximum 30 points) | 28.6 (1.0) | 28.6 (1.5) | 28.6 (1.4) |
| MoCA score (maximum 30 points) | 24.7 (3.0) | 24.3 (3.7) | 24.4 (3.5) |
| Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale | 84.6 (16.7) | 85.1 (13.8) | 85.0 (14.5) |
| Geriatric Depression Scale (maximum 15 points) | 0.5 (1.1) | 0.5 (1.1) | 0.9 (1.3) |
| Functional Comorbidity Index (maximum 18 points) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 0.02 (0.22) |
| Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly | 113 (62) | 125 (64) | 121 (63) |
| Standing balance | 3.5 (0.8) | 3.8 (0.5) | 3.87(0.6) |
| PPA | 0.98 (1.1) | 0.79 (1.2) | 0.84 (1.2) |
| SPPB | 9.4 (2.6) | 9.7 (1.7) | 9.6 (2.0) |
| Compliance (n=44) | |||
| Walking compliance (%) | NA | 177 (88) | NA |
| Exercise compliance (%) | NA | 93 (48) | NA |
| Overall compliance (%) | NA | 127 (52) | NA |
†Count=number of ‘yes’ cases within each group. %=percent of ‘yes’ within each group.
MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NA, not available; OEP, Otago Exercise Programme; PPA, Physiological Profile Assessment; SPPB, Short Performance Physical Battery.