Table 2.

Contents of the home-based exercise programme

Item	Category	Motion	Aim
1	Neck stretching	Flexion-extension	Improve neck flexibility
2		Side bending
3		Protraction/retraction of head	Expand the mesopharynx space
4	Trunk and thorax stretching	Side bending and extension	Improve thorax flexibility
5	Balance training	Turn the hips in a circular motion (shift of the centre of gravity)
6	Combination of balance and breath training	Multidirectional step with breath holding (firmly closing lips)	Strengthen lip closure force
7	Combination of trunk muscle strengthening and breath training	In standing or sitting position, one side of the elbow and the other side of the knee moved closer while twisting the trunk, with powerful exhalation	Strengthen lip closure force
8	Pushing exercise	Breath holding—powerful exhalation with arm pushing	Improve breathing and pattern of swallowing and exhalation power
9	Combination of lower limb strengthening and breath training	Simultaneous execution of the above and forward lunge exercise	Strengthen lower limb strength in addition to the above
10	Dual-task training	Box step and clap hands	Improve body balance and cognitive function
11	Tai-chi motion	Slow side step with exhalation	Improve body balance ability
12	Deep breath	Deep breathing with arm elevation	Expansion of thorax