Table 2.
Clinical and biological characteristics of deceased and survivors patients
| Variables | All Group (N = 250) | deceased (N = 107) | survivor (N = 143) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (Kg)*, n = 240 | 69.9 ± 13.9 | 67.3 ± 14.2 | 71.8 ± 13.5 | 0.012 |
| BMI (Kg/m2)*, n = 130 | 24.9 ± 4.8 | 24.5 ± 4.2 | 25.1 ± 5.1 | 0.485 |
| SBP, mm Hg, n = 250 | 153 ± 27.2 | 154 ± 26.4 | 153 ± 27.9 | 0.967 |
| DBP, mm Hg, n = 250 | 84.7 ± 18.3 | 86 ± 17.4 | 83.6 ± 18.9 | 0.311 |
| PP, mm Hg, n = 250 | 69.1 ± 20.7 | 67 ± 19.4 | 70 ± 21.6 | 0.231 |
| Primary renal disease, n (%) | 0.509 | |||
| Glomerulonephritis | 74 (29.5) | 35 (32.7) | 39 (27.3) | |
| Diabetic nephropathy | 79 (31.6) | 34 (31.8) | 45 (31.5) | |
| Hypertensive nephropathy | 64 (25.6) | 24 (22.4) | 40 (27.9) | |
| HIVAN | 10 (4) | 4 (3.7) | 6 (4.2) | |
| All other | 23 (9.2) | 10 (9.3) | 13 (9.1) | |
| IUV (ml/day)*, n = 250 | 550 (500–705) | 250 (200–400) | 840 (750–1000) | <0.001 |
| RUV 3 months (ml/day)*, n = 200 | 500 (450–550) | 260 (199–330) | 700 (580–783) | < 0.001 |
| RUV 6 months (ml/day)*, n = 127 | 500 (400–550) | 250 (150–350) | 560 (500–750) | < 0.001 |
| RUV 12 months (ml/day)*, n = 77 | 400 (200–530) | 200 (0–300) | 500 (290–750) | 0.003 |
| Decline RUV (ml/day/month)*, n = 248 | 25 (20.8–33.3) | 56.7 (43.3–116.7) | 12.9 (8.3–16.7) | <0.001 |
| Uremic encephalopathy, n (%) | 113 (45.2) | 60 (56.1) | 53 (37.1) | 0.001 |
| Hypervolemia, n (%) | 95 (38) | 60 (56.1) | 35 (24.5) | < 0.001 |
| Diuretic, n (%) | 133 (53.2) | 39 (36.4) | 94 (65.7) | < 0.001 |
| ACE inhibitor, n (%) | 138 (55.2) | 41 (38.3) | 97 (67.8) | < 0.001 |
| Beta blocker, n (%) | 41 (16.4) | 11 (10.3) | 30 (21.0) | 0.011 |
| EPO, n (%) | 129 (51.6) | 37 (34.6) | 92 (64.3) | < 0.001 |
| Vascular access, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| catheter | 203 (81.2) | 104 (97.2) | 99 (69.2) | |
| AVF | 47 (18.8) | 3 (2.8) | 44 (30.8) | |
| Weekly hours of HD, n (%) | 0.036 | |||
| ≤ 8 | 134 (53.6) | 63 (58.9) | 71 (49.7) | |
| ≥ 12 | 116 (46.4) | 44 (41.1) | 72 (50.3) | |
| Weekly hours of HD* | 8 (8–12) | 8 (8–12) | 12 (8–12) | 0.034 |
| Kt/V urea*, n = 133 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.249 |
| Charlson index*, n = 250 | 3.8 ± 2.6 | 4.3 ± 3.1 | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 0.003 |
| Serum creatinine* (mg/dl), n = 240 | 16.3 ± 12.6 | 16.3 ± 10.2 | 12.6 ± 6.5 | 0.001 |
| Urea *(mg/dl), n = 239 | 227.8 ± 110.7 | 259.9 ± 114.6 | 205 ± 102.2 | < 0.001 |
| Kaliemia*(mEq/l), n = 239 | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5.4 ± 1.5 | 4.9 ± 1.2 | 0.001 |
| Serum calcium* (mEq/l), n = 205 | 4.4 ± 0.7 | 4.3 ± 0.8 | 4.5 ± 0.6 | 0.119 |
| Serum phosphate* (mg/dl), n = 91 | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 5.7 ± 2.1 | 4.7 ± 2.1 | 0.074 |
| Serum albumine* (g/l), n = 215 | 37.6 ± 8.1 | 34.6 ± 8.5 | 40 ± 6.9 | < 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin* (g/dl), n = 249 | 8.5 ± 2.2 | 7.6 ± 1.9 | 9.2 ± 2.1 | < 0.001 |
| Hematocrit* (%), n = 247 | 25.8 ± 6.5 | 23.4 ± 5.9 | 27.5 ± 6.4 | < 0.001 |
| CRP* (mg/l), n = 86 | 14.3 ± 20.5 | 34 ± 31.7 | 9,1 ± 12.2 | < 0.001 |
Clinical and laboratory data were collected firstly at the initiation of HD, excluding RUV at 3, 6 and 12 months after HD. Data are expressed as numbers and proportions in parentheses or mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range) as appropriate
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, PP: pulse pressure, HIVAN: human Immunodeficiency virus associated nephropathy, IRUV: initial residual urine volume, RUV: residual urine volume, ACE: angiotensin conversion enzyme inhibitor, EPO: erythropoietin, AVF: arterio-venous fistula, Kt/V urea: clearance of urea ml/min based on the volume of distribution, HD: hemodialysis, CRP: C reactive protein