. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016 Sep 2;55(11):937–944.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.05.027

Table 3.

Overview of Associations Between Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptom Persistence and Baseline Factors

Analysis	Adult^a ADHD symptom persistence definition	Covariates	Significant predictors of ADHD symptom persistence
1.	DSM-5 symptom count cut-offs^b	Age, sex, and MTA site	Childhood comorbidity Parental mental health problems Parental marital relationships Appropriate discipline
2.	DSM-5 symptom count cut-offs	Age, sex, MTA site, AND baseline ADHD symptoms	Parental mental health problems Appropriate discipline
3.	DSM-5 symptom count cut-offs AND Impairment ratings^c	Age, sex, and MTA site	Childhood comorbidity Parental mental health problems
4.	DSM-5 symptom count cut-offs AND Impairment ratings	Age, sex, MTA site, AND baseline ADHD symptoms	Childhood comorbidity Parental mental health problems
5.	Continuous ADHD symptom scores^d	Age, sex, and MTA site	Childhood comorbidity Parental mental health problems
6.	Continuous ADHD symptom scores	Age, sex, MTA site, AND baseline ADHD symptoms	Childhood comorbidity Parental mental health problems

Note: MTA = Multimodal Treatment of ADHD study.

Mean age 24.7 years.

At least 5 inattentive or hyperactive/impulsive symptoms on self- or observer scores of the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS).

Scores ≥ 3 on self- or observer-reported Impairment Rating Scales.

Mean self- and observer scores on CAARS.