Table 3. complications within 90 days after laparoscopic radical cystectomy for younger (<75 years) and elderly (≥75 years) patients according to the modified clavien classification system.
| <75 years (N=51) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Clavien grade | Complication | Cases (N) | Management |
| Peroperative | |||
| I | Damage to iliac vein | 1 | Laparoscopic suturing |
| I | Rectal lesion | 3 | Laparoscopic suturing |
| Iva | Rupture of lumbar vein | 1 | Laparoscopic suturing |
| ≤ 90 days | |||
| I | Anemia | 10 | Blood transfusion |
| I | Delirium | 1 | Antipsychotics |
| I | Wound infection | 2 | Antibiotics and bedside management |
| II | Acute myocardial infarction | 1 | Pharmacological treatment |
| II | Deep venous thrombosis | 1 | Pharmacological treatment |
| II | Exacerbation COPD | 1 | Pharmacological treatment |
| II | Pneumonia | 4 | Antibiotics |
| II | Prolonged bowel ileus (no acceptance of oral intake 5 days after surgery) | 6 | Conservative |
| II | Urinary tract infection/ sepsis | 4 | Antibiotics |
| IIIa | Ureteroileal obstruction with or without infection | 2 | Nephrostomy (and antibiotics) |
| IIIa | Lymphatic leakage with or without infection | 2 | Percutaneous drainage |
| IIIa | Necrosis of praeputium penis | 1 | Surgery |
| IIIb | Compartment syndrome lower leg | 2 | Surgery |
| IIIb | Iatrogenic corpus alienum (drain) in the abdomen | 1 | Surgery |
| IIIb | Iatrogenic defect ileal conduit after correction incisional hernia | 1 | Surgery |
| IIIb | Iatrogenic pneumothorax | 1 | Surgery |
| IIIb | Incisional hernia (+ after relaparotomy) | 3 | Surgery |
| IIIb | Rectourethral fistula | 2 | Surgery |
| Iva | Acute tubular necrosis | 1 | Haemodialysis |
| Iva | Ileal anastomotic leakage | 2 | Surgery |
| IVb > V | Pneumosepsis | 1 | - |
| IVb > V | Candida sepsis | 1 | - |
| ≥75 years (N=22) | |||
| Peroperative | |||
| I | Rectal lesion | 1 | Laparoscopic suturing |
| I | Damage to iliac vein | 1 | Laparoscopic suturing |
| ≤ 90 days | |||
| I | Anemia | 11 | Blood transfusion |
| I | Delirium | 1 | Antipsychotics |
| I | Temporary paresis of right upper arm | 1 | Conservative |
| I | Wound infection | 1 | Antibiotics and bedside management |
| II | Atrial flutter | 1 | Pharmacological treatment |
| II | Pneumonia | 3 | Antibiotics |
| II | Prolonged bowel ileus (no acceptance of oral intake 5 days after surgery) | 2 | Conservative |
| II | Urinary tract infection/ sepsis | 2 | Antibiotics |
| IIIa | Uretero-ileal obstruction with or without infection | 4 | Nephrostomy (and antibiotics) |
| IIIa | Lymphatic leakage with or without infection | 1 | Percutaneous drainage |
| IIIb | Rectourethral fstula | 1 | Surgery |
| Iva | Rabdomyolysis | 1 | Conservative |
Please note that some patients had more than one complication, which were all registered separately. E.g. pneumonia, delirium and prolonged bowel ileus in one patient.