Table 1.
Characteristics of the overall sample and Whites and Blacks by REAP diet group.
| Characteristic | Total M (SD) |
Less healthy diet (REAP average < 2.36) M (SD) |
Healthier diet (REAP average ≥ 2.36) M (SD) |
Less vs. healthier diet p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Sample (N=492) | ||||
| Age (years) | 80.1 (5.3) | 79.8 (5.4) | 80.3 (5.1) | 0.32 |
| Education (years) | 13.9 (3.4) | 13.7 (3.2) | 14.3 (3.6) | 0.05 |
| Sex (% female) | 60.4 | 54.1 | 66.0 | 0.01 |
| Race (% White) | 74.0 | 69.1 | 78.4 | 0.02 |
| GDS score | 2.2 (2.1) | 2.3 (2.1) | 2.1 (2.1) | 0.34 |
| Global cognition (BIMC) | 1.7 (1.9) | 1.9 (2.0) | 1.6 (1.7) | 0.13 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.5 (4.4) | 26.9 (4.3) | 26.2 (4.4) | 0.09 |
| History of hypertension (% yes) | 63.6 | 64.8 | 62.5 | 0.60 |
| History of diabetes (% yes) | 17.7 | 18.9 | 16.6 | 0.51 |
| CV index | 0.3 (0.7) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.15 |
| Whites (n=364) | ||||
| Age (years) | 80.2 (5.2) | 79.8 (5.3) | 80.6 (5.1) | 0.12 |
| Education (years) | 14.3 (3.3) | 14.2 (3.0) | 14.4 (3.6) | 0.57 |
| Sex (% female) | 54.4 | 47.2 | 60.1 | 0.01 |
| GDS score | 2.1 (1.9) | 2.1 (1.9) | 2.1 (2.1) | 0.91 |
| Global cognition (BIMC) | 1.4 (1.7) | 1.5 (1.8) | 1.4 (1.6) | 0.44 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.0 (4.0) | 26.4 (4.1) | 25.7 (3.8) | 0.11 |
| History of hypertension (% yes) | 58.8 | 59.6 | 58.1 | 0.77 |
| History of diabetes (% yes) | 15.1 | 17.4 | 13.3 | 0.28 |
| CV index | 0.3 (0.7) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.3 (0.7) | 0.50 |
| Blacks (n=128) | ||||
| Age (years) | 79.7 (5.4) | 80.1 (5.5) | 79.3 (5.0) | 0.43 |
| Education (years) | 13.1 (3.6) | 12.5 (3.3) | 13.8 (3.8) | 0.03 |
| Sex (% female) | 77.3 | 69.4 | 87.5 | 0.01 |
| GDS score | 23 (2.3) | 2.6 (2.5) | 2.0 (2.0) | 0.18 |
| Global cognition (BIMC) | 2.6 (2.1) | 2.7 (2.2) | 2.5 (2.0) | 0.67 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 (5.2) | 27.9 (4.6) | 27.8 (5.9) | 0.93 |
| History of hypertension (% yes) | 77.3 | 76.4 | 78.6 | 0.77 |
| History of diabetes (% yes) | 25.0 | 22.2 | 28.6 | 0.41 |
| CV index | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.05 |
Note. M = mean; SD = standard deviation; REAP = Rapid Eating and Activity Assessment for Patients (score range: 1.00–3.00); GDS = 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (score range: 0–15); BIMC = Blessed Information Memory Concentration Test; BMI = body mass index; CV index = cardiovascular index (score range: 0–4).