Table 2.
Summary of clinical characteristics of 1644 case-matched brain metastasis patients
| Characteristics | Total | Neurological symptoms | p valuesa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (group A) | Yes (group B) | |||
| No. of patients | 1644 | 822 | 822 | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| Mean | 64 | 64 | 65 | 0.04 |
| Range | 19–96 | 19–96 | 19–93 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 650 (39.5 %) | 327 (39.8 %) | 323 (39.3 %) | 0.88 |
| Tumor numbers | ||||
| Mean | 7 | 8 | 7 | 0.87 |
| Median | 3 | 4 | 3 | |
| Range | 1–89 | 1–63 | 1–74 | |
| IQR | 1–9 | 1–9 | 1–8 | |
| Primary cancer sites | ||||
| Lung | 1077 (65.5 %) | 531 (64.6 %) | 546 (66.4 %) | 0.47a |
| Breast | 192 (11.7 %) | 101 (12.3 %) | 91 (11.1 %) | |
| GI tract | 172 (10.5 %) | 87 (10.6 %) | 85 (10.3 %) | |
| Kidney | 79 (4.8 %) | 42 (5.1 %) | 37 (4.5 %) | |
| Others | 124 (7.5 %) | 61 (7.4 %) | 63 (7.7 %) | |
| Primary cancer status | ||||
| Controlled | 507 (30.8 %) | 254 (30.9 %) | 253 (30.8 %) | 1.00 |
| Extra-cerebral METs | ||||
| No | 830 (50.5 %) | 412 (50.1 %) | 418 (50.9 %) | 0.81 |
| KPS | ||||
| ≥80 % | 1291 (78.5 %) | 647 (78.7 %) | 644 (78.4 %) | 0.90 |
| Modified-RPA class [34, 35] | ||||
| 1 + 2a | 354 (21.5 %) | 172 (20.9 %) | 182 (22.1 %) | |
| 2b | 528 (32.1 %) | 272 (33.1 %) | 256 (31.1 %) | 0.41c |
| 2c + 3 | 762 (46.4 %) | 378 (46.0 %) | 384 (46.7 %) | 0.53d |
| Prior surgery | ||||
| Yes | 231 (14.1 %) | 113 (13.8 %) | 118 (14.4 %) | 0.78 |
| Prior WBRT | ||||
| Yes | 75 (4.6 %) | 36 (4.4 %) | 39 (4.7 %) | 0.81 |
| Tumor volume (cc) | ||||
| Cumulative | ||||
| Mean | 8.92 | 8.80 | 9.04 | 0.87 |
| Range | 0.01–115.3 | 0.01–115.3 | 0.05–77.88 | |
| IQR | 2.18–11.74 | 1.80-11.66 | 2.62–11.95 | |
| Largest tumor | ||||
| Mean | 6.17 | 6.06 | 6.29 | 0.65 |
| Range | 0.02–94.20 | 0.02–94.20 | 0.05-70.00 | |
| IQR | 1.31–7.80 | 0.92–7.82 | 1.80–7.80 | |
| Peripheral dose (Gy) | ||||
| Mean | 21.32 | 22.28 | 21.30 | 0.55 |
| Range | 10.00–25.00 | 12.00–32.00 | 12.00–25.00 | |
| IQR | 20.00–24.00 | 20.00–24.00 | 20.00–24.00 | |
IQR interquartile range, GI gastrointestinal, METs metastases, KPS Karnofsky Performance Status,12 RPA recursive partitioning analysis, 4 WBRT whole brain radiotherapy, CI confidence interval
aStudent t test was used for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for pairs of categorical variables, bLung versus non-lung, cModified-RPA classes 1 + 2a versus 2b, dModified-RPA classes 2b versus 2c + 3